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1 выход мелких классов
Russian-English mining-engineering dictionary > выход мелких классов
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2 мелкий
1. fine2. finely -
3 мелкий
1. fine2. finely3. small-sized -
4 време
1. timeзападноевропейско време Greenwich mean timeвърша нещо вън от работното време do s.th. out of hoursвреме за лягане bed timeвреме за обед dinner timeвремето лети time fliesвремето минава time goes by/is passingще мине известно време it will be some time ( преди before)няма много време there isn't much time, time is short, time pressesне е далеч времето когато, няма да мине много време и it will not be long beforeмина онова време когато the time is past whenвремето напредва time is getting onне остава много време there isn't much time left, време time is getting shortв едно или друго време at one time or anotherв същото at the same timeзимно/лятно времеin winter/summerни в това ни в онова/по никое време at an unseasonable/unearthly hour, at untimely/odd hoursи време му е and high/about time, tooвреме ми е o.'s time has come ( и за смърт) (да to), be old enough toдокато е още време before ifs too late; while the going is goodдотогава има много време there's plenty of time; that's a long time offза известно време for a time/whileкогато му дойде времето in due course/time, in its due season. when the right time comesоще не му е дошло времето the time is not yet ripeтой винаги идва на време he is always on time; he always comes on timeне давам на време (материал и пр.) be late withпредупреждавам на време warn in good timeпристигам на време arrive on/to timeпо едно или друго време at one lime or anotherпо това/онова време at this/that timeдогодина по това време this time next yearпреди известно време some time agoпреди много време a long time agoпрез цялото време all the time, from first to lastслед известно време (sometime) laterслед малко време, не след много време presentlyслед като е минало толкова време after such a long time. at this distance of timeне минало много време и soon after, not long afterтая работа ще вземе/иска време this will take timeимам много свободно време have time on o.'s2. (състояние на атмосферата) weatherмръсно/неприятно/противно/отвратително време foul/nasty/beastly weatherнеустойчиво/променливо време broken weatherвремето е хубаво/лошо it is fine/bad weatherвремето е облачно it is cloudy, the sky is overcastвремето се задържа it is settled weatherвремето ще се обърне there is going to be a break in the weather; the weather will changeпри всякакво време in all weathersако позволи времето, при хубаво време weather permittingнезависимо от това какво е времето, при каквото и да е/при всяко време wet or fine, rain or shine, in rain or fineкакво ужасно време what awful weather! какво беше времето, докато бяхте на море? what sort of weather did you have at the seaside?изгледи за време то a weather forecast.; be allowed timeвреме по пет минути на всеки оратор limit every speaker to five minutesвреме свобода на някого allow s.o. freedom. give freedom to s.o.3. (доставям, снабдявам) furnish, supply, provide(излъчвам) give out, emitвреме данни supply dataвреме електрическа енергия на provide power for, supply with power4. (раждам, произвеждам, нося) yield, bear, produceвреме мляко give/yield milkмаслините дават дървено масло olives yield oilвреме жетва yield/bear a harvestвреме плод bear fruitвреме дивиденти yield dividentsвреме лихва bear/yield interest5. (плащам) payколко даде за тези обувки? how much did you pay for those shoes?6. (продавам) sell, chargeдават портокалите по 1 лв. килото they sell oranges at 1 lev the kilo, oranges sell/are sold at 1 lev the kiloколко го давате? what do you charge for it? how. much Is it? what are you asking for it?7. (изпращам-телеграма и пр.) sendвреме телеграма на send a telegram/cable/wire to, wire to, cable to8. (устройвам-концерт и пр.) give(представям-пиеса и пр.) show, play, put onвреме концерт/забава/прием give a concert/a party/a receptionвреме обед/вечеря на give a lunch/a dinner for, entertain to lunch/dinnerтази вечер дават Хамлет they're playing/showing/giving Hamlet tonight. Ham Set is on tonightкакво дават в кино Х? what is on/showing at the X (Cinema)? отдавна дават тази пиеса the play has had a long run, the play has been on a long timeтой даде добър Хамлет he made a good Hamlet9. (установяваме поставям) fix, setвреме среща fix an appointment (на with)време срок set a time-limitвреме тон set the toneвреме задача set a task10. (равнявам се на) make, add up toвреме воля на indulge, give full play to; give vent toвреме (телефонна) връзка put through (с to)време възможност afford/present an opening/an opportunity (за for)време гласност на give publicity toвреме дете за осиновяване put a child into a homeвреме много жертви suffer heavy lossesвреме скъпи жертви pay a costly/heavy toll in human lifeвреме живота си lay down o.'s lifeвреме на занаят bind (s.o.) over as an apprentice, apprentice (s.o.); put s.o. apprenticeвреме изстрел/залп fire a shot/a volleyвреме клетва take/make/swear an oathвреме за обнародване submit for publicationвреме си оставката resign, hand in o.'s resignationвреме отпор на repulseвреме признаци на show/give signs ofвреме си сметка за realize, be aware ofвреме си ясна сметка за be fully aware ofвреме сражение give battleвреме сянка supply shadeвреме тласък на give an impetus to, set s.th. goingвреме утайка leave a sedimentвреме си парите (харча за какво да е) part with o.'s moneyвреме с едната ръка, вземам с другата give with one hand and take away/back with the otherвреме пътя на send packing, cashierдават ми пътя get (the order of) the bootколко години му даваш? how old do you take him to be?бих му дал тридесет I should put him down at/as thirtyне му дават годините he doesn't look* * *врѐме,само ед. и времена̀ само мн.1. time; ако \времето позволи if time permits; бе \време, когато книж. time was when; без \време before o.’s time; unseasonably; без да имам \време да се подготвя at short notice; \време е it’s (about) time; \време за достъп комп. access time; \време за зареждане комп. load time; \време за изпълнение на програма комп. run time; \време за лягане bed time; \време ми е o.’s time has come (и за смърт) (да to), be old enough to; \времето минава time goes by/is passing; \времето напредва time is getting on; всичко с \времето си all in good time; в същото \време at the same time; в това \време meanwhile; върша нещо вън от работното \време do s.th. out of hours; годишно \време time of the year, season; губя си \времето waste (o.’s) time; днес нямам никакво свободно \време I have no time to spare today; догодина по това \време this time next year; доста \време a good/great while; докато е още \време before it’s too late; while the going is good; дотогава има много \време there’s plenty of time; that’s a long time off; дошло е \време the time has arrived/is ripe (за for); дълго \време for a long stretch of time; едно \време at one time, in the old days; за известно \време for a time/while; за много малко \време in no time; западноевропейско \време Greenwich mean time; зимно/лятно \време in winter/summer; и \време му е and high/about time, too; имам много свободно \време have time on o.’s hands; когато му дойде \времето in due course/time, in its due season, when the right time comes; крайно \време е it is high time; мина онова \време, когато the time is past when; много \време му отне да he was long in, he was a long time in (с ger.); на първо \време for a start; не е далеч \времето, когато (няма да мине много \време и) it will not be long before; не е \време за this is no time for (с ger.); it is a bad time to (с inf.); не минало много \време и soon after, not long after; не остава много \време there isn’t much time left, time is getting short/running out; ни в това ни в онова/по никое \време at an unseasonable/unearthly hour, at untimely/odd hours; нощно \време at night; няма много \време there isn’t much time, time is short, time presses; от \време на \време from time to time, between times, occasionally, on and off, (every) once in a while; every now and again/then, every so often; от колко \време? how long? since when? от някое \време насам for some time past; по всяко \време at any time, at all times; по всяко \време на годината at every season of the year; по едно \време at one time; at one point, suddenly, unexpectedly; преди известно \време some time ago; през \време на during, in; през \време на война in time of war, in wartime; през \време на работа while working, at work, during hours; през цялото \време all the time, from first to last; работно \време office hours, work time; свободно \време leisure, spare time; free time; сега му е \времето now is the time, now if ever; с колко \време разполагаме? how are we fixed for time? след \време after a time; след известно \време (sometime) later; след като е минало толкова \време after such a long time, at this distance of time; тая работа ще вземе/иска \време this will take time; ще мине известно \време it will be some time ( преди before);2. език. tense;3. ( епоха, времена) time(s), days; в днешно \време nowadays; во \време оно in days gone by, long (long) ago; поет. in olden times; in days yore; добри времена бяха! those were the days; доброто старо \време the good old times/days; изостанал от \времето си out of date, behind o.’s times; на моето \време in my day; напред от/изпреварил \времето си ahead of o.’s time; имало едно \време once upon a time; през \времето на in the day(s)/time of, in the lifetime of; сега \времената са други times have changed;4. муз. beat, measure; силно \време муз. strong beat; слабо \време муз. weak beat.——————ср., само ед. ( състояние на атмосферата) weather; ако позволи \времето, при хубаво \време weather permitting; \времето е облачно it is cloudy, the sky is overcast; \времето не обещава да бъде хубаво the weather looks unpromising; \времето се задържа it is settled weather; \времето ще се обърне there is going to be a break in the weather; the weather will change; изгледи за \времето a weather forecast; какво беше \времето, докато бяхте на море? what sort of weather did you have at the seaside? независимо от това какво е \времето, при каквото и да е/при всяко \време wet or fine, rain or shine, in rain or fine; неустойчиво/променливо \време broken weather; при всякакво \време in all weathers.* * *date; tense (грам.); time: време goes by - времето минава; war- time (военно); weather (състояние на атмосферата): good/fine време - хубаво време* * *1. (доставям, снабдявам) furnish, supply, provide 2. (излъчвам) give out, emit 3. (изпращам-телеграма и пр.) send 4. (плащам) pay 5. (представям - пиеса и пр.) show, play, put on 6. (продавам) sell, charge 7. (раждам, произвеждам 8. -ВРЕМЕ живота си lay down o.'s life 9. 1 (равнявам се на) make, add up to 10. 1 (установяваме поставям) fix, set 11. 1 (устройвам - концерт и пр.) give 12. 2 (състояние на атмосферата) weather 13. 7 лв. килото they sell oranges at 14. 8 lev the kilo, oranges sell/are sold at 15. 9 lev the kilo 16. time 17. ВРЕМЕ (си) вид pretend, make believe 18. ВРЕМЕ (телефонна) връзка put through (c to) 19. ВРЕМЕ c едната ръка, вземам с другата give with one hand and take away/back with the other 20. ВРЕМЕ воля на indulge, give full play to;give vent to 21. ВРЕМЕ възможност afford/present an opening/ an opportunity (за for) 22. ВРЕМЕ възможност на enable (s. o.), give (s. o.) an opportunity (да to с inf.) 23. ВРЕМЕ гласност на give publicity to 24. ВРЕМЕ данни supply data 25. ВРЕМЕ дете за осиновяване put a child into a home 26. ВРЕМЕ дивиденти yield dividents 27. ВРЕМЕ е it's (about) time 28. ВРЕМЕ електрическа енергия на provide power for, supply with power 29. ВРЕМЕ жетва yield/bear a harvest 30. ВРЕМЕ за лягане bed time 31. ВРЕМЕ за обед dinner time 32. ВРЕМЕ за обнародване submit for publication 33. ВРЕМЕ задача set a task 34. ВРЕМЕ изстрел/залп fire a shot/a volley 35. ВРЕМЕ клетва take/make/swear an oath 36. ВРЕМЕ концерт /забава/ прием give a concert/ a party/ a reception 37. ВРЕМЕ лихва bear/yield interest 38. ВРЕМЕ ми е o.'s time has come (и за смърт) (да to), be old enough to 39. ВРЕМЕ мляко give/yield milk 40. ВРЕМЕ много жертви suffer heavy losses 41. ВРЕМЕ на занаят bind (s. o.) over as an apprentice, apprentice (s. o.);put s. o. apprentice 42. ВРЕМЕ някому да разбере, ВРЕМЕ да се разбере вж. разбирам 43. ВРЕМЕ обед/вечеря на give a lunch/a dinner for, entertain to lunch/dinner 44. ВРЕМЕ отпор на repulse 45. ВРЕМЕ плод bear fruit 46. ВРЕМЕ по пет минути на всеки оратор limit every speaker to five minutes 47. ВРЕМЕ признаци на show/ give signs of 48. ВРЕМЕ пътя на send packing, cashier 49. ВРЕМЕ свобода на някого allow s.o. freedom. give freedom to s. o. 50. ВРЕМЕ си оставката resign, hand in o.'s resignation 51. ВРЕМЕ си парите (харча за какво да е) part with o.'s money 52. ВРЕМЕ си сметка за realize, be aware of 53. ВРЕМЕ си труд да take (the) trouble to (c inf.), trouble to 54. ВРЕМЕ си ясна сметка за be fully aware of 55. ВРЕМЕ скъпи жертви pay a costly/heavy toll in human life 56. ВРЕМЕ сметка за give/render an account of (на to, за of) 57. ВРЕМЕ сражение give battle 58. ВРЕМЕ среща fix an appointment (на with) 59. ВРЕМЕ срок set a time-limit 60. ВРЕМЕ сянка supply shade 61. ВРЕМЕ телеграма на send a telegram /cable/ wire to, wire to, cable to 62. ВРЕМЕ тласък на give an impetus to, set s.th. going 63. ВРЕМЕ тон set the tone 64. ВРЕМЕ утайка leave a sediment 65. ВРЕМЕто е облачно it is cloudy, the sky is overcast 66. ВРЕМЕто е хубаво/ лошо it is fine/bad weather 67. ВРЕМЕто лети time flies 68. ВРЕМЕто минава time goes by/is passing 69. ВРЕМЕто напредва time is getting on 70. ВРЕМЕто се задържа it is settled weather 71. ВРЕМЕто ще се обърне there is going to be a break in the weather;the weather will change 72. ако ВРЕМЕто позволи if time permits 73. ако позволи ВРЕМЕто, при хубаво ВРЕМЕ weather permitting 74. бе ВРЕМЕ когато лит. time was when 75. безВРЕМЕ before o.'s time;unseasonably 76. бих му дал тридесет I should put him down at/as thirty 77. в друго ВРЕМЕ at some other time 78. в едно или друго ВРЕМЕ at one time or another 79. в същото at the same time 80. в това ВРЕМЕ meanwhile 81. всичко на ВРЕМЕто си all in good time 82. върша нещо вън от работното ВРЕМЕ do s. th. out of hours 83. годишно ВРЕМЕ time of the year, season 84. губя си ВРЕМЕто waste (o.'s) time 85. дават ми пътя get (the order of) the boot 86. дават портокалите по 87. дай ми ВРЕМЕ give me time 88. догодина по това ВРЕМЕ this time next year 89. докато е още ВРЕМЕ before ifs too late;while the going is good 90. доста ВРЕМЕ a good/great while 91. дотогава има много ВРЕМЕ there's plenty of time;that's a long time off 92. дошло е ВРЕМЕ the time has arrived/is ripe (за for) 93. дъжделиво ВРЕМЕ wet/rainy weather 94. едно ВРЕМЕ at one time, in the-old days 95. за (вътре в) много малко ВРЕМЕ in no time 96. за известно ВРЕМЕ for a time/while 97. за малко/ кратко ВРЕМЕ for a (short) while, for a short time 98. за първо ВРЕМЕ for a start 99. западноевропейско ВРЕМЕ Greenwich mean time 100. зимно/лятно ВРЕМЕin winter/summer 101. и ВРЕМЕ му е and high/about time, too 102. изгледи за ВРЕМЕ то a weather forecast.;be allowed time 103. имам много свободно ВРЕМЕ have time on o.'s 104. какво дават в кино Х? what is on/showing at the Х (Cinema)? отдавна дават тази пиеса the play has had a long run, the play has been on a long time 105. какво ужасно ВРЕМЕ what awful weather! какво беше ВРЕМЕто, докато бяхте на море? what sort of weather did you have at the seaside? 106. когато му дойде ВРЕМЕто in due course/time, in its due season. when the right time comes 107. колко го давате? what do you charge for it?how. much Is it?what are you asking for it? 108. колко години му даваш? how old do you take him to be? 109. колко даде за тези обувки? how much did you pay for those shoes? 110. крайно ВРЕМЕ е it is high time 111. лошо ВРЕМЕ bad weather 112. маслините дават дървено масло olives yield oil 113. мина онова ВРЕМЕ когато the time is past when 114. много ВРЕМЕ му взе да he was long in,he was a long time in (c ger.) 115. мръсно/неприятно/противно/отвратително ВРЕМЕ foul/nasty/beastly weather 116. на ВРЕМЕ in/on time 117. на ВРЕМЕ за влака in time for the train 118. не ВРЕМЕ дума да се каже за be dead set against 119. не ВРЕМЕ мира на някого give/allow s. o. no peace 120. не давам на ВРЕМЕ (материал и пр.) be late with 121. не е ВРЕМЕ за this is no time for (c ger.);it is a bad time to (c inf.) 122. не е далеч ВРЕМЕто когато, няма да мине много ВРЕМЕ и it will not be long before 123. не минало много ВРЕМЕ и soon after, not long after 124. не му дават годините he doesn't look 125. не на ВРЕМЕ unoppor-tunely 126. не остава много ВРЕМЕ there isn't much time left,ВРЕМЕtime is getting short 127. не се ВРЕМЕ stick to o.'s guns, not give in, show fight, keep o.'s tail up 128. не се ВРЕМЕ за него he can't compare with me 129. не си ВРЕМЕ много труд вж. труд 130. независимо от това какво е ВРЕМЕто, при каквото и да е/при всяко ВРЕМЕ wet or fine, rain or shine, in rain or fine 131. неустойчиво/променливо ВРЕМЕ broken weather 132. ни в това ни в онова/по никое ВРЕМЕ at an unseasonable/unearthly hour, at untimely/ odd hours 133. нося) yield, bear, produce 134. нощно ВРЕМЕ at night 135. няма ВРЕМЕ за губене there is no time to lose/to be lost;time presses 136. няма много ВРЕМЕ there isn't much time, time is short, time presses 137. от ВРЕМЕ на ВРЕМЕ from time to time, between times, occasionally, on and off, once in a while 138. от доста ВРЕМЕ for quite a while 139. от някое ВРЕМЕ насам for some time past 140. още не му е дошло ВРЕМЕто the time is not yet ripe 141. пo едно или друго ВРЕМЕ at one lime or another 142. пo това/онова ВРЕМЕ at this/that time 143. по ВРЕМЕто когато at the time when 144. по всяко ВРЕМЕ at any time, at all times 145. по всяко ВРЕМЕ на годината at every season of the year 146. по едно ВРЕМЕ at one time;at one point, suddenly, unexpectedly 147. по него ВРЕМЕ at/about that time 148. по някое ВРЕМЕ some time 149. по това ВРЕМЕ на годината at this time of year 150. преди известно ВРЕМЕ some time ago 151. преди много ВРЕМЕ a long time ago 152. предупреждавам на ВРЕМЕ warn in good time 153. през ВРЕМЕ на during, in 154. през ВРЕМЕ на война in time of war, in wartime 155. през ВРЕМЕ на работа while working, at work, during hours 156. през цялото ВРЕМЕ all the time, from first to last 157. при всякакво ВРЕМЕ in all weathers 158. пристигам на ВРЕМЕ arrive on/to time 159. работно ВРЕМЕ office hours, work time 160. свободно ВРЕМЕ leisure, spare time;free time 161. сега му е ВРЕМЕто now is the time, now if ever 162. след ВРЕМЕ after a time 163. след известно ВРЕМЕ (sometime) later 164. след като е минало толкова ВРЕМЕ after such a long time. at this distance of time 165. след малко ВРЕМЕ, не след много ВРЕМЕ presently 166. слънцето ВРЕМЕ топлина и светлина the sun emits heat and light 167. тази вечер дават Хамлет they're playing/showing/giving Hamlet tonight. Ham Set is on tonight 168. тая работа ще вземе/иска ВРЕМЕ this will take time 169. той винаги идва на ВРЕМЕ he is always on time;he always comes on time 170. той даде добър Хамлет he made a good Hamlet 171. точно ВРЕМЕ correct/right/exact time 172. тъкмо на ВРЕМЕ just in/on time 173. хубаво ВРЕМЕ good/fine weather 174. ще мине известно ВРЕМЕ it will be some time (преди before) -
5 cedere
1. v/t ( dare) hand over, give up( vendere) sell, dispose ofcedere il posto give up one's seat2. v/i give in, surrender (a to)muro, terreno collapse, give waynon cedere! don't give in!* * *cedere v.tr.1 ( dare) to give*; to let* s.o. have: ti cedo volentieri la mia stanza, I'll be happy to give you (o to let you have) my room // cedere terreno, to yield ground // cedere il passo, to let s.o. pass // cedere la strada, to give way // cedere la destra, to walk on s.o.'s left2 ( trasferire) to hand over; to transfer: ho ceduto il mio posto nel consiglio, I've handed over my place on the Board; ha ceduto la guida del partito al suo braccio destro, he handed over (o ceded) the leadership of his party to his right-hand man // (fin., comm.): cedere una tenuta, to transfer an estate; cedere una cambiale, to transfer a bill; cedere un privilegio, to surrender a privilege; fu obbligato a cedere i diritti d'autore ad altri, he was obliged to assign his copyrights to another person; cedere una proprietà mediante atto pubblico, to grant a property by deed3 ( vendere) to sell*: mi ha ceduto la sua quota di azioni, he sold me his quota of shares; hanno ceduto il negozio qui di fronte per quattro soldi, they've sold the shop across the street for peanuts; cedere merce sottocosto, to sell goods under cost price4 ( consegnare) to surrender; ( con un trattato) to cede: la nostra città fu ceduta al nemico, our town was surrended to the enemy; la Corsica fu ceduta alla Francia, Corsica was ceded to France // cedere le armi, to surrender◆ v. intr.1 ( arrendersi) to give* in, to yield, to surrender: non cedere!, don't give in!; non cederà alla forza, she won't yield to force; il nostro esercito fu costretto a cedere, our army was forced to surrender2 ( sprofondare) to give* way: il ghiaccio sta cedendo, the ice is giving way; hanno ceduto le fondamenta, the foundations have given way; c'è rischio che ceda il tetto della galleria, the roof of the tunnel might give way (o cave in); il terreno ha ceduto per via degli scavi, the land gave way (o subsided) because of excavations3 ( rompersi) to give* way: la corda cedette e la barca fu trascinata via, the rope gave way and the boat floated off* * *['tʃɛdere]1. vt1)cedere qc (a qn) — to give sth up (to sb), (eredità, diritto) to transfer sth (to sb), make sth over (to sb)cedere il posto a qn — (in autobus) to give sb one's seat
2) (Comm : vendere) to sell"cedo"; "cedesi" — "for sale"
2)cedere a — to give way to, to surrender to, yield to, give in to3) (deformarsi: tessuto, scarpe) to give* * *['tʃɛdere] 1.verbo transitivo1) (lasciare) to give* (up) [ turno]; to yield, to surrender [ potere]mi ha ceduto il suo monolocale per... — he let me have o sold me his studio for
2.cedere i diritti (d'autore) — to surrender o waive one's copyright
1) (arrendersi) to yield, to surrender, to give* in, to give* way2) (piegarsi) [ gambe] to give* way, to buckle3) (rompersi) [sedia, ponte] to give* way; [ramo, serratura, porta] to yield; [ tetto] to fall* in, to cave in4) (allentarsi) [ elastico] to loosen, to slacken; [ stoffa] to stretch* * *cedere/'t∫εdere/ [2]1 (lasciare) to give* (up) [ turno]; to yield, to surrender [ potere]; mi ha ceduto il posto he let me have his place; cedo la parola al mio collega I'll hand over to my colleague2 (vendere) to sell* out [ azioni]; mi ha ceduto il suo monolocale per... he let me have o sold me his studio for...3 dir. econ. to cede, to remise [ proprietà]; to make* over [ bene]; cedere i diritti (d'autore) to surrender o waive one's copyright(aus. avere)1 (arrendersi) to yield, to surrender, to give* in, to give* way; cedere alla tentazione to give in to temptation; non cede mai he never gives up2 (piegarsi) [ gambe] to give* way, to buckle3 (rompersi) [ sedia, ponte] to give* way; [ ramo, serratura, porta] to yield; [ tetto] to fall* in, to cave in -
6 GJALDA
* * *(geld; galt, guldum; goldinn), v.2) fig. to give, yield; g. skynsemi við e-u, to give reason for; g. samkvæði at e-u, to consent to; g. varúð, varhuga við e-u, to be on one’s guard against; g. e-m fjándskap, to show ill-will towards one;3) with gen. to pay for, suffer on account of (þar munuð þit min g.); g. e-s at = g. e-s; geldr at nýbreytni (gen.) konungs, it is a punishment for the king’s innovations.* * *pret. galt, 2nd pers. galt, mod. galzt; pl. guldu; pres, geld: pret. subj. gyldi; imperat. gjalt or gjald þú; sup. pret. goldit, goldinn; with neg. suff. gjald-attu; [Ulf. us-gildan = ἀποδιδόναι; A. S. gyldan; Engl. yield; O. H. G. geltan; old Fr. ielda; Germ. gelten; Dan. gjelde; Swed. gälla]:—to pay money, pay a fee, duty, or the like, the person in dat., the money in acc., Grág. i. 87, 408, passim, Fær. 120, Fms. iv. 346, xi. 81, Nj. 58, K. Þ. K. 162, passim:—to yield, repay, return, g. gjöf við gjöf, Hm. 42; gjaldið engum íllt móti íllu, Róm. xii. 17; sakir þær er ek á at g. Ólafi, Ó. H. 213; sögðu, at þeim var sín óhamingja miklu íllu goldin, 232; skal ek g. þeim svá útrúleik sinn, 58:—þér eigit at g. aptr ( to restore) sendimenn hans manngjöldum, Eg. 575:—g. leiðangr, to yield a levy, Fms. viii. 173.II. metaph. to yield or yield up, deliver; þá guldu þeir Guði andir sínar, they yielded up their souls to God, Blas. 36; gjalt mik lærifeðrum mínum, 656 B. 5; væri hann þá andaðr goldinn sínum borgar-mönnum, 10.β. so in the phrases, g. skynsemi við e-u, to give (yield) reason for, Skálda 205, Sks. 787, Johann. 28; g. samkvæði, to yield, give consent to, Fms. v. 70, Nj. 233; also to vote for, Grág. i. 2, 43; g. varúð, varhuga, við e-u, to be on one’s guard against, beware of, Ísl. ii. 369, Fms. ii. 166, vi. 42, Hkr. i. 50; g. e-m fjandskap, to shew ill-will towards, Ld. 134; g. öfund, Ls. 12.2. with gen. ellipt., the fine being understood, to pay for, suffer on account of; ok munu margir þess g., Nj. 2: njóta e-s denotes to profit, gjalda e-s to suffer on account of another; þar munuð þit mín gjalda, Vígl. 28; sú harma-bylgjan djúpa, gékk yfir þig þá galztu mín, Pass. 41. 4; svá mun ok vera, segir Njáll, ef þú geldr eigi annarra at, Nj. 147; Helga (gen.) hefir þú goldit at í þessu, Fas. i. 28; hugði, at hann mundi þess víðar koma at hann mundi njóta föður síns en gjalda, Gísl. 73; heldr geldr Leifr Þrándar en nýtr frá mér, Fms. ii. 116; geldr at nýbreytni (gen.) konungs ok þessa ens nýja siðar, i. e. it is a just punishment for the innovation of the king and the new creed, Ld. 168; konungr sagði, at hón skyldi eigi gjalda frá honum tiltækja föður síns, Fms. ix. 477: part. gjaldandi, a payer, Grág. i. 394. -
7 GÖRA
ð, also spelt görva, giörva, geyra, giora, gera: prop. gøra, not gra (the ø was sounded nearly as y or ey), so that the g is to be sounded as an aspirate, however the word is spelt; and the insertion of i or j (giöra, gjöra), which is usual in mod. writing, and often occurs in old, is phonetic, not radical, and göra and gjöra represent the same sound. The word in the oldest form had a characteristic v, and is spelt so on the Runic stones in the frequent Runic phrase, gaurva kubl, Baut., and Danske Runemind. passim; but also now and then in old Icel. MSS., e. g. the Kb. of Sæm. (cited from Bugge’s Edit.), gorva, Am. 75, Skv. 1. 34, 3. 20, Hm. 123, Og. 29; gerva, Am. 64, Bkv. 3; giorva, Rm. 9; giorfa, 28; gorvir, Hkv. Hjörv. 41; gørvom, Hým. 6; gorviz, Am. 35; gerviz, Merl. 2. 89:—this characteristic v has since been dropped, and it is usually spelt without it in MSS., gora, Hým. 1, Og. 23, Ls. 65; gera, Am. 85; gorir, Hm. 114: the pret. always drops the v, gorþi, Hym. 21; gorðo or gorþo, fecerunt, Hm. 142, Am. 9; gorðumz, Hðm. 28; gerþi, Am. 74; gerþit, 26:—with i inserted, Rm. 9, 22; giordu, 11; in the Mork. freq. giavra. The ö is still sounded in the east of Icel., whereas gera is the common form in speech, gjöra in writing:—the old pres. indic. used by the poets and in the laws is monosyllabic görr, with suffixed negative, görr-a, Hkr. i. (in a verse); mod. bisyllabic görir, which form is also the usual one in the Sagas:—the old part. pass. was görr or gerr, geyrr, Fms. ix. 498, x. 75, where the v was kept before a vowel, and is often spelt with f, gorvan, gorvir, and gorfan, gorfir: dat. so-goro or so-guru adverbially = sic facto: the mod. part. gjörðr, gerðr, görðr, as a regular part. of the 2nd weak conjugation, which form occurs in MSS. of the 15th century, e. g. Bs. i. 877, l. 21. [This is a Scandin. word; Dan. gjöre; Swed. göra; Old Engl. and Scot. gar, which is no doubt of Scandin. origin, the Saxon word being do, the Germ. thun, neither of which is used in the Scandin.; the word however is not unknown to the Teut., though used in a different sense; A. S. gervan and gearvjan = parare; O. H. G. karwan; Germ. gerben, garben, but esp. the adj. and adv. gar, vide above s. v. gör-.] To make, to do; the Icel. includes both these senses.A. To make:I. to build, work, make, etc.; göra himin ok jörð, 623. 36, Hom. 100; göra hús, to build a house, Fms. xi. 4, Rb. 384; göra kirkju, Bjarn. 39; göra skip, N. G. L. i. 198; göra langskip, Eg. 44; göra stólpa, Al. 116; göra tól (= smíða), Vsp. 7; göra (fingr)-gull, Bs. i. 877; göra haug, to build a cairn, Eg. 399; göra lokhvílu, Dropl. 27; göra dys, Ld. 152; göra kistu ( coffin), Eg. 127; göra naust, N. G. L. i. 198; göra jarðhús, Dropl. 34; göra veggi, Eg. 724: also, göra bók, to write a book, Íb. 1, Rb. 384; göra kviðling, to make a song, Nj. 50; göra bréf, to draw up a deed ( letter), Fms. ix. 22; göra nýmæli, to frame a law, Íb. 17.2. adding prep.; göra upp, to repair, rebuild, restore, Fb. ii. 370; göra upp Jórsala-borg, Ver. 43; göra upp skála, Ld. 298; göra upp leiði, to build up a grave.II. to make, prepare, get ready; göra veizlu, drykkju, brúðkaup, erfi, and poët. öl, öldr, to make a feast, brew bridal ale, Fs. 23, Fms. xi. 156, Dropl. 6, Am. 86; göra seið, blót, to perform a sacrifice, Ld. 152; göra bú, to set up a house, Grág. i. 185, Ld. 68; göra eld, to make a fire, Fs. 100, K. Þ. K. 88; göra rekkju, to make one’s bed, Eg. 236; göra upp hvílur, Sturl. ii. 124; göra graut, to make porridge, Eg. 196, N. G. L. i. 349; göra drykk, to make a drink, Fms. i. 8; göra kol, or göra til kola, to make charcoal, Ölk. 35.III. in somewhat metaph. phrases; göra ferð, to make a journey, Fms. x. 281; görði heiman för sína, he made a journey from home, Eg. 23; göra sinn veg, to make one’s way, travel, Mar.; göra uppreisn, to make an uprising, to rebel, Rb. 384, Fms. ix. 416; göra úfrið, to make war, 656 C. 15; göra sátt, göra frið, to make peace, Hom. 153, Bs. i. 24; göra féskipti, Nj. 118; göra tilskipan, to make an arrangement, Eg. 67; göra ráð sitt, to make up one’s mind, Nj. 267, Fms. ix. 21; göra hluti, to cast lots, Fms. x. 348.2. to make, give, pay, yield; göra tíund, to pay tithes, Hom. 180; hann skal göra Guði tíunda hlut verðsins, id.; göra ölmusu, to give alms, 64; göra ávöxt, to yield fruit, Greg. 48; gefa né göra ávöxt, Stj. 43; göra konungi skatt eða skyld, Fms. xi. 225.3. to contract; göra vináttu, félagskap, to contract friendship, Nj. 103, Eg. 29; göra skuld, to contract a debt, Grág. i. 126: göra ráð með e-m, to take counsel with, advise one, Eg. 12; göra ráð fyrir, to suppose, Nj. 103, Fms. ix. 10; göra mun e-s, to make a difference, i. 255, Eb. 106.4. to make, make up, Lat. efficere; sex tigir penninga göra eyri, sixty pence make an ounce, Grág. i. 500, Rb. 458.5. to grant, render; göra kost, to make a choice, to grant, Nj. 130, Dropl. 6, Fms. xi. 72, (usually ellipt., kostr being understood); vil ek at þér gerit kostinn, Nj. 3; ok megit þér fyrir því göra ( grant) honum kostinn, 49, 51; göra e-m lög, to grant the law to one, 237; göra guðsifjar, to make ‘gossip’ with one, to be one’s godfather, Fms. ii. 130.6. special usages; göra spott, háð, gabb, … at e-u, to make sport, gibes, etc. at or over a thing, Fms. x. 124; göra iðran, to do penance, Greg. 22; göra þakkir, to give thanks, Hom. 55; göra róm at máli e-s, to cheer another’s speech, shout hear, hear! var görr at máli hans mikill rómr ok góðr, his speech was much cheered, Nj. 250,—a parliamentary term; the Teutons cheered, the Romans applauded (with the hands), cp. Tacit. Germ.7. with prepp.; gera til, to make ready or dress meat; láta af ( to kill) ok göra til ( and dress), K. Þ. K. 80, Ísl. ii. 83, 331, Fs. 146, 149, Bjarn. 31, Finnb. 228; göra til nyt, to churn milk, K. Þ. K. 78; göra til sverð, to wash and clean the sword, Dropl. 19; máttu þeir eigi sjá, hversu Þorvaldr var til gerr, how Th. got a dressing, Nj. 19.β. göra at e-u, to mend, make good, put right (at-görð), ek skal at því gera, Fms. xi. 153, Eg. 566, Nj. 130: to heal, Bárð. 171, Eg. 579, Grág. i. 220; göra at hesti, K. Þ. K. 54, Nj. 74: göra við e-u, vide B. II.8. adding acc. of an adj., part., or the like; göra mun þat margan höfuðlausan, Nj. 203; göra mikit um sik, to make a great noise, great havoc, Fb. i. 545, Grett. 133, Fms. x. 329; göra e-n sáttan, to reconcile one, Grág. i. 336; göra sér e-n kæran, to make one dear to oneself, Hkr. i. 209; göra sik líkan e-m, to make oneself like to another, imitate one, Nj. 258; göra sik góðan, to make oneself good or useful, 74, 78; göra sik reiðan, to take offence, 216; göra sér dælt, to make oneself at home, take liberties, Ld. 134, Nj. 216; göra langmælt, to make a long speech, Sks. 316; göra skjót-kjörit, to make a quick choice, Fms. ii. 79; göra hólpinn, to ‘make holpen,’ to help, x. 314; göra lögtekit, to make a law, issue a law, xi. 213, Bs. i. 37; hann gerði hann hálshöggvinn, he had him beheaded, Fms. ix. 488, v. l.; ok görðu þá handtekna alla at minsta kosti, Sturl. i. 40; várir vöskustu ok beztu menn era görfir handteknir, 41.β. göra sér mikit um e-t, to make much of, admire, Eg. 5, Fms. x. 254, 364; göra e-t at ágætum, to make famous, extol a thing, vii. 147; göra at orðum, to notice as remarkable, Fas. i. 123; göra at álitum, to take into consideration, Nj. 3; göra sér úgetið at e-u, to be displeased with, Ld. 134; göra vart við sik, to make one’s presence noticed, Eg. 79; göra sér mikit, lítið fyrir, to make great, small efforts, Finnb. 234; göra sér í hug, to brood over; hann gerði sér í hug at drepa jarl, Fs. 112; göra sér í hugar lund, to fancy, think: göra af sér, to exert oneself, ef þú gerir eigi meira af þér um aðra leika, Edda 32; hvárt hann var með Eiríki jarli, eðr görði hann annat af sér, or what else he was making of himself, Fms. xi. 157.9. phrases, gera fáleika á sik, to feign, make oneself look sad, Nj. 14; esp. adding upp, gera sér upp veyki, to feign sickness, (upp-gerð, dissimulation); göra sér til, to make a fuss, (hence, til-gerð, foppishness.)B. To do:I. to do, act; allt þat er hann gerir síðan ( whatever he does), þat á eigandi at ábyrgjask, Gþl. 190; þér munut fátt mæla eðr gera, áðr yðr munu vandræði af standa, i. e. whatsoever you say or do will bring you into trouble, Nj. 91; göra e-t með harðfengi ok kappi, 98; ger svá vel, ‘do so well,’ be so kind! 111; gerit nú svá, góði herra (please, dear lord!), þiggit mitt heilræði, Fms. vii. 157: and in mod. usage, gerið þér svo vel, gerðu svo vel, = Engl. please, do! sagði, at hann hafði með trúleik gört, done faithfully, Eg. 65; göra gott, to do good; göra íllt, to do evil, (góð-görð, íll-görð); ok þat var vel gört, well done, 64; geyrða ek hotvetna íllt, I did evil in all things, Niðrst. 109; hefir hann marga hluti gört stór-vel til mín, he has done many things well towards me, I have received many great benefits at his hands, Eg. 60: with dat., svá mikit gott sem jarl hefir mér gert, Nj. 133; þér vilda ek sízt íllt göra, I would least do harm to thee, 84: göra fúlmennsku, to do a mean act, 185; göra vel við e-n, to do well to one, Fs. 22; göra stygð við e-n, to offend one, Fms. x. 98; göra sæmiliga til e-s, to do well to one, Ld. 62, Nj. 71; göra sóma e-s, to do honour to one, Fms. vii. 155; göra e-m gagn, to give help to one, Nj. 262; göra e-m sæmd, skomm, to do ( shew) honour, dishonour, to one, 5, Fms. x. 43; göra háðung, xi. 152; göra styrk, to strengthen one, ix. 343; göra e-m skapraun, to tease one; göra ósóma, Vápn. 19; göra skaða ( scathe), Eg. 426; göra óvina-fagnað, to give joy to one’s enemies, i. e. to do just what they want one to do, Nj. 112; göra til skaps e-m, to conform to one’s wishes, 80; gerum vér sem faðir vár vill, let us do as our father wishes, 198; vel má ek gera þat til skaps föður míns at brenna inni með honum, id.; göra at skapi e-s, id., 3; var þat mjök gert móti mínu skapi, Fms. viii. 300; gera til saka við e-n, to offend, sin against one, Nj. 80; gera á hluta e-s, to wrong one, Vígl. 25; göra ílla fyrir sér, to behave badly, Fms. vii. 103.II. adding prep.; göra til e-s, to deserve a thing (cp. til-görð, desert, behaviour); hvat hafðir þú til gört, what hast thou done to deserve it? Nj. 130; framarr en ek hefi til gört, more than I have deserved, Fms. viii. 300; ok hafit þér Danir heldr til annars gört, ye Danes have rather deserved the reverse, xi. 192, Hom. 159:—göra eptir, to do after, imitate, Nj. 90:—göra við e-u (cp. við-görð, amendment), to provide for, amend, ok mun úhægt vera at göra við forlögum þeirra, Ld. 190; er úhægt at göra við ( to resist) atkvæðum, Fs. 22; ok mun ekki mega við því gera, Nj. 198:—göra af við e-n (cp. af-görð, evil doing), to transgress against one, ek hefi engan hlut af gört við þik, Fms. vii. 104, viii. 241; ok iðrask nú þess er hann hefir af gert, 300; göra af við Guð, to sin against God, Hom. 44.2. special usages; göra … at, to do so and so; spurði, hvat hann vildi þá láta at gera, he asked what he would have done, Nj. 100; hann gerði þat eina at, er hann átti, he did only what be ought, 220; þeir Flosi sátu um at rengja, ok gátu ekki at gert, F. tried, and could do nothing, 115, 242; þér munut ekki fá at gert, fyrr en …, 139; Flosi ok hans menn fengu ekki at gert, 199; mikit hefir þú nú at gert, much hast thou now done ( it is a serious matter), 85; er nú ok mikit at gert um manndráp siðan, 256; hann vildi taka vöru at láni, ok göra mikit at, and do great things, Ld. 70; Svartr hafði höggit skóg ok gert mikit at, Nj. 53; slíkt gerir at er sölin etr, so it happens with those who eat seaweed, i. e. that (viz. thirst) comes of eating seaweed, Eg. 605.β. göra af e-u, to do so and so with a thing; hvat hafið ér gert af Gunnari, Njarð. 376; ráð þú draumana, vera má at vér gerim af nokkut, may be that we may make something out of it, Ld. 126; gör af drauminum slíkt er þér þykkir líkligast, do with the dream ( read it) as seems to thee likeliest, Ísl. ii. 196: göra við e-n, to do with one; þá var um rætt, hvað við þá skyldi göra, what was to be done with them? Eg. 232; ærnar eru sakir til við Egil, hvat sem eg læt göra við hann, 426; eigi veit ek hvat þeir hafa síðan við gört, 574: göra fyrir e-t, to provide; Jón var vel fjáreigandi, ok at öllu vel fyrir gört, a wealthy and well-to-do man, Sturl. iii. 195; þótt Björn sé vel vígr maðr, þá er þar fyrir gört, því at …, but that is made up, because …: fyrir göra (q. v.), to forfeit.C. METAPH. AND SPECIAL USAGES:I. to do, help, avail; nú skulum vér ganga allir á vald jarlsins, því at oss gerir eigi annat, nothing else will do for us, Nj. 267; þat mun ekki gera, that wont do, 84; en ek kann ekki ráð til at leggja ef þetta gerir ekki, Fms. ii. 326; konungr vill þat eigi, þvi at mér gerir þat eigi ( it will not do for me) at þér gangit hér upp, x. 357; þat gerir mér ekki, at þér gangit á Orminn, … en hitt má vera at mér komi at gagni, ii. 227; þóttisk þá vita, at honum mundi ekki gera ( it would do nothing) at biðja fyrir honum, Fb. i. 565; engum gerði við hann at keppa, 571; ekki gerði þeim um at brjótask, Bárð. 10 new Ed.; sagða ek yðr eigi, at ekki mundi gera at leita hans, Sks. 625; hvat gerir mér nú at spyrja, Stj. 518; ekki gerir at dylja, no use hiding it, Fbr. 101 new Ed.; ætla þat at fáir þori, enda geri engum, Band. 7; bæði var leitað til annarra ok heima, ok gerði ekki, but did no good, 4; hét hann þeim afarkostum, ok gerði þat ekki, but it did no good, Fms. ii. 143.II. to send, despatch, cp. the Engl. to ‘do’ a message; hann gerði þegar menn frá sér, Eg. 270; hann hafði gört menn sex á skóginn fyrir þá, 568; þá gerði Karl lið móti þeim, Fms. i. 108; jarl gerði Eirík at leita Ribbunga, ix. 314; hann gerði fram fyrir sik Álf á njósn, 488; hann gerði menn fyrir sér at segja konunginum kvámu sína, x. 10; hleypi-skúta var gör norðr til Þrándheims, vii. 206; jafnan gerði jarl til Ribbunga ok drap menn af þeim, ix. 312; vilja Ósvífrs-synir þegar gera til þeirra Kotkels, despatch them to slay K., Ld. 144; skulu vér nú göra í mót honum, ok láta hann engri njósn koma, 242:—göra eptir e-m, to send after one, Nero bað göra eptir postulunum ok leiða þangat, 656 C. 26; nú verðr eigi eptir gört at miðjum vetri, Grág. i. 421; frændr Bjarnar létu göra eptir (Germ. abholen) líki hans, Bjarn. 69; síðan gerðu þeir til klaustrs þess er jómfrúin var í, Fms. x. 102:—gera e-m orð, njósn, to do a message to one; hann gerði orð jörlum sínum, Eg. 270; ætluðu þeir at göra Önundi njósn um ferðir Egils, 386, 582; vóru þangat orð gör, word was sent thither, Hkr. ii. 228.III. with infin. as an auxiliary verb, only in poetry and old prose (laws); ef hón gerði koma, if she did come, Völ. 5; gerðit vatn vægja, Am. 25; gramr gørr-at sér hlífa, he does not spare himself, Hkr. i. (in a verse); gerðut vægjask, id., Fs. (in a verse); hann gerðisk at höggva, Jb. 41; görðir at segja, Bkv. 15; görðisk at deyja, Gkv. 1. 1: in prose, eigi gerir hugr minn hlægja við honum, Fas. i. 122; góðir menn göra skýra sitt mál með sannsögli, 677. 12; Aristodemus görði eigi enn at trúa, Post.: esp. in the laws, ef þeir göra eigi ganga í rúm sín, Grág. i. 8; ef goðinn gerr eigi segja, 32; ef hann gerr eigi í ganga, 33; ef þeir göra eigi hluta meðr sér, 63; ef dómendr göra eigi dæma, 67; ef dómendr göra eigi við at taka, id.; ef goðinn gerr eigi ( does not) nefna féráns-dóm, 94; nú göra þeir menn eigi úmaga færa, 86; ef þeir göra eigi nefna kvöðina af búanum, Kb. ii. 163; ef þeir göra eigi segja, hvárt …, Sb. ii. 52; nú gerr sá eigi til fara, Kb. ii. 96; göra eigi koma, 150; ef hann gerr eigi kjósa, § 113.IV. a law term, göra um, or gera only, to judge or arbitrate in a case; fékksk þat af, at tólf menn skyldu göra um málit, Nj. 111; villt þú göra um málit, 21; bjóða mun ek at göra um, ok lúka upp þegar görðinni, 77; mun sá mála-hluti várr beztr, at góðir menn geri um, 88; málin vóru lagið í gerð, skyldu gera um tólf menn, var þá gert um málin á þingi, var þat gert, at … (follows the verdict), 88; vil ek at þú sættisk skjótt ok látir góða menn gera um …, at hann geri um ok enir beztu menn af hvárra liði lögliga til nefndir, 188; Njáll kvaðsk eigi gera mundu nema á þingi, 105; þeir kváðusk þat halda mundu, er hann gerði, id.; skaltú gera sjálfr, 58; fyrr en gert var áðr um hitt málit, 120; ek vil bjóðask til at göra milli ykkar Þórðar um mál yðar, Bjarn. 55; Þorsteinn kvað þat þó mundi mál manna, at þeir hefði góða nefnd um sættir þótt hann görði, 56; nú er þegar slegit í sætt málinu með því móti, at Áskell skal göra um þeirra í milli, Rd. 248; er nú leitað um sættir milli þeirra, ok kom svá at þeir skulu göra um málin Þorgeirr goði frá Ljósa-vatni ok Arnórr ór Reykjahlíð, sú var görð þeirra at …, 288; svá kemr at Ljótr vill at Skapti görði af hans hendi, en Guðmundr vill sjálfr göra fyrir sína hönd, skyldi Skapti gerð upp segja, Valla L. 225; eigi hæfir þat, leitum heldr um sættir ok geri Þorgeirr um mál þessi, Lv. 12; var jafnt gört sár Þórðar ok sár Þórodds, Eb. 246; þær urðu mála-lyktir at Þórðr skyldi göra um …, 24; ok vóru þá görvar miklar fésektir, 128; var leitað um sættir, ok varð þat at sætt, at þeir Snorri ok Steindórr skyldi göra um, 212; þit erut gerfir héraðs-sekir sem íllræðis-menn, Fs. 58: göra görð, Sturl. i. 63, 105: adding the fine, to fix the amount, þat er gerð mín, at ek geri verð húss ok matar, I fix the amount of the value of the house and (stolen) stores, Nj. 80; gerði Njáll hundrað silfrs, N. put it at a hundred silver pieces, 58; margir mæltu, at mikit vaeri gert, that the amount was high, id.; slíkt fégjald sem gert var, 120; vilit ér nokkut héraðs-sektir göra eða utanferðir, 189; hann dæmdi þegar, ok görði hundrað silfrs, 6l; síðan bauð Bjarni Þorkatli sætt ok sjálfdæmi, görði Bjarni hundrað silfrs, Vápn. 31; ek göri á hönd Þóri hundrað silfrs, Lv. 55; ek göri á hönd þér hundrað silfrs, id.; vilit þér, at ek göra millum ykkar? síðan görði konungr konuna til handa Þórði ok öll fé hennar, Bjarn. 17; Rafn kvað hann mikit fé annat af sér hafa gört, at eigi þætti honum þat betra, Fs. 30; Gellir görði átta hundrað silfrs, Lv. 97; fyrir þat gerði Börkr hinn digri af honum eyjarnar, B. took the isles from him as a fine, Landn. 123: adding the case as object, Gunnarr gerði gerðina, G. gave judgment in the case, Nj. 80; fyrr en gert var áðr um hitt málit, till the other case was decided, 120; þá sætt er hann görði Haraldi jarli, that settlement which he made for earl Harold, Fms. viii. 300: Flosi var görr utan ok allir brennu-menn, F. was put out ( banished) and all the burners, Nj. 251: metaph., nema þau vili annat mál á gera, unless they choose to settle it otherwise, Grág. i. 336.2. in the phrase, göra sekð, to make a case of outlawry, Grág. i. 118; eigi um görir sekð manns ella, else the outlawry takes no effect; en hann um görir eigi ella sekðina, else he cannot condemn him, 119.3. to perform; eptir-gerðar þeirrar sem hverr nennti framast at gera eptir sinn náung, Fms. viii. 103; en þat grunaði konung, at hann mundi ætla at göra eptir sumar sættir, i. e. that he had some back door to escape by, Orkn. 58 (cp. Ó. H.); allt þat er þér gerit nú fyrir þeirra sálum, id.V. special usages, to make allowance for; gera fóðr til fjár, to make an arbitrary allowance for, Ísl. ii. 138; hence, to suppose, en ef ek skal göra til fyrir fram ( suggest) hvat er hón (the code) segir mér, þá segi ek svá, at …, Fms. ix. 331; gera sér í hug, Fs. 112; göra sér í hugar-lund, to fancy; göra e-m getsakir, to impute to one; gera orð á e-u, to report a thing; þat er ekki orð á því geranda, ‘tis not worth talking about; eigi þarf orð at göra hjá því (‘tis not to be denied), sjálfan stólkonunginn blindaði hann, Mork. 14 (cp. Fms. vi. 168, l. c.); gera sér létt, to take a thing lightly, Am. 70; göra sér far um, to take pains; göra sér í hug, hugar-lund, to suppose.D. IMPERS. it makes one so and so, one becomes; hann görði fölvan í andliti, he turned pale, Glúm. 342; leysti ísinn ok görði varmt vatnið, the water became warm, 623. 34; veðr görði hvast, a gale arose, Eg. 128; hríð mikla gerði at þeim, they were overtaken by a storm, 267; þá gerði ok á hríð (acc.) veðrs, 281; féll veðrit ok gerði logn (acc.), and became calm, 372; görði þá stórt á firðinum, the sea rose high, 600; til þess er veðr lægði ok ljóst gerði, and till it cleared up, 129; um nóttina gerði á æði-veðr ok útsynning, 195; görir á fyrir þeim hafvillur, they lost their course (of sailors), Finnb. 242; mér gerir svefnhöfugt, I grow sleepy, Nj. 264; þá görði vetr mikinn þar eptir hinn næsta, Rd. 248.E. REFLEX, to become, grow, arise, and the like; þá görðisk hlátr, then arose laughter, Nj. 15; görðisk bardagi, it came to a fight, 62, 108; sá atburðr görðisk, it came to pass, Fms. x. 279; þau tíðendi er þar höfðu görzt, Ld. 152; gerðisk með þeim félagskapr, they entered into fellowship, Eg. 29; gerðisk svá fallit kaup, Dipl. ii. 10; Sigurðr konungr gerðisk ( grew up to be) ofstopa-maðr …, görðisk mikill maðr ok sterkr, Fms. vii. 238; hann görðisk brátt ríkr maðr ok stjórnsamr, xi. 223; Unnr görðisk þá mjök elli-móð, U. became worn with age, Ld. 12; sár þat er at ben görðisk, a law term, a wound which amounted to a bleeding wound, Nj. passim:—to be made, to become, görask konungr, to become king, Eg. 12; ok görðisk skáld hans, and became his skáld, 13; görðisk konungs hirðmaðr, 27; görask hans eigin-kona, to become his wedded wife, Fms. i. 3; at hann skyldi görask hálf-konungr yfir Dana-veldi, 83; vill Hrútr görask mágr þinn, Nj. 3; hann gerðisk síðan óvarari, he became less cautious, Fms. x. 414.2. with the prep. svá, to happen, come to pass so and so; svá görðisk, at …, it so happened, that …, Nj. 167; görðisk svá til, at …, Fms. x. 391; þá görðisk svá til um síðir, at…, at last it came to pass. that …, 392; enda vissi hann eigi, at þingför mundi af görask, in case he knew not that it would entail a journey to parliament, Grág. i. 46: with at added, to increase, þá görðisk þat mjök at um jarl ( it grew even worse with the earl) at hann var úsiðugr um kvenna-far, görðisk þat svá mikit, at …, it grew to such a pitch, that …, Hkr. i. 245; hence the mod. phrase, e-ð á-görist, it increases, gains, advances, esp. of illness, bad habits, and the like, never in a good sense.3. impers. with dat., honum gerðisk ekki mjök vært, he felt restless, Ld. 152; næsta gerisk mér kynlegt, I feel uneasy, Finnb. 236.4. to behave, bear oneself; Páll görðisk hraustliga í nafni Jesu, Post. 656 C. 13.5. to set about doing, be about; fám vetrum síðan görðisk hann vestr til Íslands, Fms. x. 415; maðr kom at honum ok spurði, hvat hann gerðisk, what he was about, Ó. H. 244; görðisk jarl til Ribbunga, Fms. ix. 312, v. l.; tveir menn görðusk ferðar sinnar, two men set out for a journey, x. 279; görðusk menn ok eigi til þess at sitja yfir hlut hans, Eg. 512; at þessir menn hafa görzk til svá mikils stórræðis, Fms. xi. 261; eigi treystusk menn at görask til við hann, Bárð. 160.6. (mod.) to be; in such phrases as, eins og menn nú gerast, such as people now are; eins og flestir menn gerast.F. PART. PASS. görr, geyrr (Fms. ix. 498, x. 75), gjörr, gerr, as adj., compar. görvari, superl. görvastr; [A. S. gearu; gare, Chaucer, Percy’s Ballads; O. H. G. garwe; Germ. gar]:—skilled, accomplished; vaskligr, at sér görr, Ld. 134; vel at sér görr, Ísl. ii. 326, Gísl. 14; gerr at sér um allt, Nj. 51; hraustir ok vel at sér görvir, Eg. 86; at engi maðr hafi gervari at sér verit en Sigurðr, Mork. 221; allra manna snjallastr í máli ok görvastr at sér, Hkr. iii. 360: the phrase, leggja görva hönd á e-t, to set a skilled hand to work, to be an adept, a master in a thing; svá hagr, at hann lagði allt á görva hönd, Fas. i. 391, (á allt görva hönd, iii. 195.)2. ready made, at hand; in the saying, gott er til geyrs (i. e. görs, not geirs) at taka, ‘tis good to have a thing at hand, Hkm. 17; ganga til görs, to have it ready made for one, Ld. 96; gör gjöld, prompt punishment, Lex. Poët.:—with infin., gerr at bjóða, ready to offer, Gh. 17; gervir at eiskra, in wild spirits, Hom. 11; görvar at ríða, Vsp. 24: with gen. of the thing, gerr ílls hugar, prone to evil, Hým. 9; gerr galdrs, prone to sorcery, Þd. 3; skulut þess görvir, be ready for that! Am. 55.II. [cp. görvi, Engl. gear], done, dressed; svá görvir, so ‘geared,’ so trussed, Am. 40.III. adverb. phrases, so-gurt, at soguru, so done; verða menn þat þó so-gurt at hafa, i. e. there is no redress to be had, Hrafn. 9; hafi hann so-gurt, N. G. L. i. 35, Nj. 141; kvað eigi so-gort duga, 123, v. l.; at (með) so-guru, this done, quo facto, Skv. 1. 24, 40; freq. with a notion of being left undone, re infecta. Germ. unverrichteter sache, Eg. 155, Glúm. 332, Ó. H. 202; enda siti um so-gort, and now let it stand, Skálda 166; við so-gurt, id., 655 vii. 4; á so-gurt ofan, into the bargain, Bs. i. 178, Ölk. 36, Fas. i. 85. -
8 Abaca
ABACA, or MANILA HEMPA fibre obtained from the leaf stalks of the "musa textilis", a plant in the Philippine Islands, Sumatra, Java and Borneo. It is strong, has great durability, varies from 40-in. to 140-in. in length, yellowish-white in colour, and has a lustrous appearance. It is light, but rather stiff in handle. The yield of the fibre is only about 11/2 per cent of the weight of the green leaves. In India the inner fibres of the leaf stalk are much used for making fine cloths, the outer and coarser fibres being used in the manufacture of matting for floor covering, cordage, canvas, etc. The fibre (fine quality) is also used as weft in some fabrics for upholstery, chiefly on account of its colour and lustre. There are many grades, ranging from fine to coarse, obtained from these several species of banana and pineapple plants. Manila hats are made from these fibres. The fibres are tied end to end and woven without being spun into yarns. It is a tall plant, growing from 16 to 22 feet, and has a stem up to 12-in. diameter. This is one of the most important fibres cultivated in the tropics. Although called Manila Hemp it is quite unlike true hemp. Others names are "Cebu Hemp" and "Davao Hemp" (see textile fibres) -
9 Manila Hemp
ABACA, or MANILA HEMPA fibre obtained from the leaf stalks of the "musa textilis", a plant in the Philippine Islands, Sumatra, Java and Borneo. It is strong, has great durability, varies from 40-in. to 140-in. in length, yellowish-white in colour, and has a lustrous appearance. It is light, but rather stiff in handle. The yield of the fibre is only about 11/2 per cent of the weight of the green leaves. In India the inner fibres of the leaf stalk are much used for making fine cloths, the outer and coarser fibres being used in the manufacture of matting for floor covering, cordage, canvas, etc. The fibre (fine quality) is also used as weft in some fabrics for upholstery, chiefly on account of its colour and lustre. There are many grades, ranging from fine to coarse, obtained from these several species of banana and pineapple plants. Manila hats are made from these fibres. The fibres are tied end to end and woven without being spun into yarns. It is a tall plant, growing from 16 to 22 feet, and has a stem up to 12-in. diameter. This is one of the most important fibres cultivated in the tropics. Although called Manila Hemp it is quite unlike true hemp. Others names are "Cebu Hemp" and "Davao Hemp" (see textile fibres) ———————— See Abaca. The fibre obtained from the Musa textilis, a variety of plantain, a native of the Philippine Islands where it is known as abaca. -
10 Flax Fibre, Tow And By-Products
FLAX FIBRE, TOW and BY-PRODUCTSFlax, Broken - Scutched flax which is less than 20-in. long and therefore unfit for hackling in the spinning mill. Flax, C.D. and T. - Graders' marks which denote the type of scutched flax: c (chaine) to represent warps, D (demi) to represent medium warps, and T (trame) to represent wefts. Flax, Green, or Natural - Scutched flax produced from de-seeded straw without any intermediate treatment such as retting. Flax, Line - The hackled flax produced by a hackling machine or hand hackling. A term sometimes erroneously applied to scutched flax. Flax, Retted - Scutched flax produced from straw which has been retted. Usually divided into three main classes, namely, water retted flax, dew retted flax, and chemically retted flax. Flax, Scutched - The product from the delivery end of a scutching machine or from scutching flax straw on a wheel. It consists of the long fibre strands in a parallel condition and substantially free from wood and other extraneous material. The yield of scutched flax is commonly expressed as stones (14-lb.) per acre, but in Ireland it is sometimes expressed as stones per peck of seed sown. The average yield per acre of scutched flax has varied according to year from about 20 stones per acre to 40 stones per acre, with occasional exceptional yields of 80 and 90 stones per acre. Grader, Flax - The man who places the scutched flaxes in their appropriate grades of quality by eye judgment and feel. Grades, Flax - Tank retted flaxes are graded from A through the alphabet in ascending order of value. Dam retted flaxes are graded from 1-7 in descending order of value. Dew retted flaxes are graded 0-6 in descending order of value. Grades, Tow - Green tow is graded 1-8 and then 9a, 9b, Z, Z2, and beater tow in descending order of value. Tank retted tow is graded I, II, III, 1, 2, 3, 3X, 3XXX, in descending order, whilst dam and dew retted tows are I, II, II, 1, 2, 3. Pluckings - The short, clean fibre produced at the end of the scutching machine where the operatives dress and square the pieces of flax ready for selection. In grading pluckings are classed as tow (q.v.). Root Ends, Straw - The broken-off roots which fall from the straw under the breaking rollers. Rug, Scutching - All the detritus which falls below the two compartments of the scutching machine after the shives have been shaken out of it, or the waste made when producing scutched flax on a wheel. It consists of partly scutched short straws, broken straws, weeds, and beater tow. It is classed as root end rug or top end rug, according to which end of the flax it comes from. Selection - The preliminary sorting of the scutched flax into main grades at the delivery end of the scutching machine. Shives - The short pieces of woody waste beaten from the straw during scutching. Tow - Any substantially clean but tossed and tangled flax fibre of less than scutched flax length. Tow Baling - The operation of making-up tow into bales. Tow, Beater - Short, fine, clean fibres which fall from the last third of the compartments during scutching. Tow, Inferior low grade (Green) - Green tow of a grade lower than 9a. Tow, Inferior low grade (Retted) - Retted tow of a grade lower than 3XXX. Tow, Machine, or Cast - Tow produced by the hackling machine. Tow, Rejected - Tow unsuitable for spinning on flax tow machinery. Tow, Rescutched - Two scutched on tow handles or a tow scutching machine. Tow, Rolled - The product from passing scutching rug through tow rollers and highspeed shaker. Tow, Rolled and Beaten - The product from passing scutching rug through tow rollers and beaters, and a high-speed shaker. The principal flax markets of the world are at Courtrai, Bruges, Ghent, Lokeren and Zele in Belgium; Rotterdam in Holland; Riga in Latvia; Leningrad, Pernau and Witebek in Russia; Douai and Flines in France; Newry, Rathfriland, Strabane, Ballymoney, Lisnaskea, Ballybay and Armagh in Ireland. Courtrai flax is the finest produced. It is uniform in fibre, strong, clean and of a good colour. Yarns up to 200's lea are spun from it. Irish flax comes next in spinning qualities from 90's to 120's lea are produced. As a warp yarn it is much preferred as the strength is greater than other types. Flemish flax is dark in colour, dryer than others, strong, and can be spun up to 120's lea. Dutch flax is clean, good colour and spins into yams up to 90's lea. Russian flax is coarser than the above types and is usually spun up to about 70's lea.Dictionary of the English textile terms > Flax Fibre, Tow And By-Products
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11 Papier
Papier n 1. GEN paper; 2. BÖRSE security* * ** * *Papier
paper, (Aktie) share (Br.), stock (US), (Scheck) cheque (Br.), check (US), (Schreibwaren) stationery, (Schuldverschreibung) bond, (Urkunde) instrument, document, paper, (Wechsel) bill, (Wertpapier) instrument, paper, stock;
• auf dem Papier on paper, (fig.) theoretically;
• in Papier eingeschlagen wrapped in paper;
• Papiere documents, papers, (Arbeitspapiere) working papers, (Ausweispapiere) indentity papers, (Wertpapiere) securities, stocks, effects;
• leicht absetzbare Papiere liquid securities;
• ausgeloste Papiere drawn securities;
• auf den Namen ausgestelltes Papier straight note (US);
• bankfähiges Papier bank paper (bill), bankable paper;
• börsengängige Papiere realizable stock, quoted (listed, US) securities;
• diskontfähiges Papier discountable bill, eligible paper (US);
• dreiprozentige Papiere three percents (Br.), threes;
• dubioses Papier unsafe paper;
• selbst durchschreibendes Papier self-duplicating paper;
• erstklassige Papiere high-quality stock, gilt-edged (fine) papers (Br.), gilts (Br.), blue chips (US);
• festverzinsliche Papiere fixed-interest securities, bonds;
• fünfprozentige Papiere five-percents;
• international gehandelte Papiere international stocks (Br.), interbourse securities;
• schlecht gehendes Papier dull performer;
• gestrichenes Papier (Börse) non-quoted stock;
• geleimtes Papier sized paper;
• geripptes (gestreiftes) Papier laid paper;
• gestempeltes Papier stamped paper;
• glattes Papier glazed paper;
• gummiertes Papier gummed paper;
• handelsfähiges Papier negotiable instrument (paper, note), instrument of credit, (Aktiengesellschaft) corporation paper (US);
• hochwertige Papiere high-grade issues;
• holzfreies Papier wood-free paper;
• holzhaltiges Papier wood-containing paper;
• indossables Papier negotiable instrument;
• kariertes Papier cross-section paper;
• konsolidierte Papiere consolidated stocks;
• konvertierbare Papiere convertible securities;
• kurzfristiges Papier self-liquidating (short-sighted, short-dated, Br.) paper;
• langfristiges Papier long (long-dated, Br.) paper;
• auf den Inhaber lautendes Papier instrument payable to bearer;
• auf den Namen lautendes Papier registered stock;
• lichtempfindliches Papier sensitized paper;
• lieferbares Papier good trade paper;
• liniertes (liniiertes) Papier ruled (squared, Br.) paper;
• marktfähiges Papier marketable securities;
• mündelsichere Papiere gilt-edged securities (stock) (Br.), gilts (Br.), trust stock (US), trustee’s bonds (Br.);
• nachgiebiges Papier (bei anziehenden Kursen) soft spot (US);
• Not leidende Papiere documents in default (sufferance);
• prolongiertes Papier lockup (Br.);
• rediskontfähiges und lombardfähiges Papier eligible paper (US);
• satiniertes Papier glazed (imitation art) paper;
• saugfähiges Papier absorbent paper;
• schlechte Papiere dubious stocks (securities);
• sicheres Papier first-rate stock;
• spekulative Papiere speculative securities (stocks), fancy stocks (US);
• übertragbares Papier negotiable instrument;
• umsetzbares Papier convertible security;
• unausgefülltes Papier blank paper;
• unbeschriebenes Papier white paper;
• ungesichertes Papier straight paper;
• ungestempeltes Papier unstamped paper;
• Verlust bringende Papiere loss-bringing securities;
• verpfändete Papiere pledged securities (Br.), pawned (hypothecated) stocks (US);
• variabel verzinsliche Papiere determinable interest securities;
• wertloses Papier worthless instrument, instrument of no effect;
• an verschiedene Zahlungsempfänger zahlbares Papier instrument payable to joint payees;
• begebbares Papier einer Aktiengesellschaft corporation paper (US);
• mündelsichere Papiere der ersten Auswahlstufe narrower-range investments (Br.);
• Papier in Ballen paper in reels;
• Papier für den Druck von Obligationen bond paper;
• Papiere mit schwankendem Ertrag variable-yield securities;
• schwaches Papier bei anziehenden Kursen (Aktienmarkt) soft spot (US);
• Papier mit bis zu fünfjähriger Laufzeit shorts (Br.), short-dated stocks;
• Papiere mit mittlerer und längerer Laufzeit mediums (Br.);
• Papier mit Leinenstruktur crash finish;
• Papier mit Wasserzeichen filigreed (water-marked) paper;
• Papiere aufrufen (einziehen) to call in securities;
• Papiere auslosen to draw securities by lot;
• Schiff mit amtlichen Papieren ausstatten to document a ship;
• Papier begeben to deliver (give out) an instrument;
• seine Papiere bekommen to get one’s books;
• in Papier einschlagen (einwickeln, einpacken) to wrap up (fold) in paper;
• Papiere halten, um den Preis zu treiben to go long of the market;
• Papiere hinauftreiben (Börse) to trump (Br.);
• Papier liniieren to line paper;
• seine Papier e mitbringen to bring one’s qualifications with one;
• seine Papiere realisieren to liquidate one’s securities;
• Papiere verwerten to sell shares (stock, US);
• Papierabfälle wastepaper;
• Papierbahn web, sheet;
• Papierbeutel paper bag;
• Papierbogen sheet of paper;
• Papierdollar paper dollar;
• Papiereinstampfung reduction of old paper;
• Papierfabrik paper mill (factory);
• Papierfabrikant paper manufacturer;
• Papierfabrikation papermaking, paper manufacturing;
• Papierflut mounds of paper;
• Papierformat size of paper;
• handelsübliches Papierformat commercial note. -
12 Höchstangebot
Höchstangebot
highest offer;
• Höchstauflagen erzielend best-selling;
• Höchstbedarf peak [of] demand;
• Höchstbelastung peak (maximum) load;
• Höchstbeschäftigungszeit maximum hours of work;
• Höchstbetrag highest amount, maximum [amount], (Preisgrenze) limit, (Versicherung) office limit;
• Höchstbetrag eines eingeräumten Akzeptkredits acceptance line;
• Höchstbetrag eines Banksaldos maximum bank advance;
• Höchstbetragshypothek running-account mortgage (Br.);
• Höchstbetragsklausel open-mortgage clause;
• Höchstbetragsschuldverschreibung floating debenture;
• Höchstbewertung optimum rating;
• Höchstbietender best (highest) bidder, highest offerer;
• erforderliches Höchstdarlehn maximum advance required;
• Höchstdauer maximum time limit;
• Höchstdividende maximum dividend;
• für die Körperschaftssteuerberechnung infrage kommendes Höchsteinkommen maximum relevant income;
• anhaltende Höchsteinnahmen maximum long-time returns;
• Höchsteinstellungsalter maximum hiring age limit (US);
• Höchstentschädigung limit of compensation;
• Höchstentwertung maximum depreciation;
• Höchstertrag maximum yield;
• Höchstgebot closing (highest, last) bid, best offer, maximum [bid];
• Höchstgebühr maximum tax;
• Höchstgehalt maximum salary, ceiling;
• Höchstgeldstrafe maximum fine. -
13 wychodzić
(z domu, pokoju, wojska) to leave; ( spędzać czas poza domem) to go out; (o zdjęciach, słońcu, publikacji, włosach) to come out; ( o planach) to work (out); (o żyłach, bieliźnie) to showwychodzić (z pokoju) — ( patrząc od wewnątrz) to go out (of the room), to leave (the room); ( patrząc od zewnątrz) to come out (of the room)
wychodzić z opresji, długów — to get out of trouble/debt
wychodzić na zachód/na morze — to look west/(out) onto the sea
wychodzić z użycia/mody — to go out of use/fashion
wychodzić od kogoś — (o propozycji, inicjatywie) to originate with sb
wychodzić na idiotę — pot to be made to look like an idiot
wychodzić z siebie lub ze skóry — (pot: starać się) to bend lub lean over backwards (pot)
wyjść z siebie — (pot: stracić panowanie) to be beside o.s.
wychodzi na to, że... — it looks like...
* * *ipf.1. (= opuszczać jakieś miejsce) go out, come out; ( z domu) leave (home), go out; wychodzić po zakupy go shopping; wychodzić na spacer go for a walk; wychodzić naprzeciw kogoś meet sb half-way; wyjść kuchennymi drzwiami go out backstairs; wyjść na pierwsze miejsce go into the lead; wychodzić z roli pot. go out of role; wyjść na wolność be released, regain one's liberty; nie mogę wyjść z podziwu I'm lost of admiration; wyszedłem już z wprawy I'm out of practice, I'm a bit rusty; wyjść z obiegu go out of use l. circulation, fall into disuse; wychodzić z założenia, że... assume that...; wyjść za mąż get married, marry; wyjść z siebie pot. be beside o.s., blow one's top l. stack; nie może mi to wyjść z głowy I can't get it out of my head.3. (= występować skądś) leave.4. (= wydostawać się z trudnej sytuacji) free o.s., extricate o.s.; wychodzić z kłopotów free o.s. from difficulties; wychodzić z długów get out of debt; wyjść z wypadku cało get out of the accident unscathed, make it through the accident; wychodzić z czegoś zwycięsko come off victorious, come out top dog; wychodzić z czegoś z honorem come out of sth without loss of face; wychodzić z czegoś bez straty suffer no loss, come off well; wychodzić z czegoś bez skazy get off l. go unblemished; wychodzić z czegoś bez szwanku go l. get off scot-free; wychodzić z czegoś obronną ręką get the upper hand in sth, come off well in sth; dobrze na tym wyszedł he was all the better for it; wyjść na czysto l. na swoje break even; wyjść na czymś jak Zabłocki na mydle bring one's hogs l. pigs to a bad market.5. (= brać początek) descent, spring, start; propozycja wyszła od prezesa the suggestion came from the president.6. (= dawać się zauważyć) get out, come out; oczy wychodzą komuś na wierzch sb's eyes are popping; wyszło na jaw it came to light, it came out into the open; łakomstwo wyjdzie ci bokiem you'll be fed up with your greediness; wyszło szydło z worka he has shown the cloven foot.7. (= być ogłoszonym) come out; wyszedł rozkaz/zakaz the command/prohibition came out; wyszło rozporządzenie the ordinance came out.8. (= być wydrukowanym) issue from the press, come out; w jakim nakładzie wyszła ta książka what was print run of this book; tygodnik wychodzi co środa the weekly comes out every Wednesday; powieść wyszła spod pras drukarskich the novel came off the printing-press.9. (= być uformowanym) grow, turn out; wyjść na człowieka turn out a successful man; wyjść na idiotę make a fool of o.s.; źle wychodzę na zdjęciach I come out badly on photographs.10. (= być zrealizowanym) work out; nie wyszło it didn't work out; nie chce mi wyjść to zadanie I can't do this task, I can't solve this problem.11. pot. (= być na wyczerpaniu) run out, run short; wyszedł nam chleb we ran out l. short of bread.12. pot. (= dawać jakiś rezultat) yield a result; na jedno wychodzi it's all the same; niech wyjdzie mu to na zdrowie let it be all the better for him; wychodzi na to, że... it turns out that...13. ( o włosach) (= wypadać) fall out.15. tylko ipf. (= być skierowanym) face, look; okna wychodzą na zachód the windows face the west.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > wychodzić
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14 caer
v.1 to fall.tropezó y cayó al suelo she tripped and fell (over o down)caer de un tejado/árbol to fall from a roof/treecaer rodando por la escalera to fall down the stairsMaría cayó por las gradas Mary fell down the stairs.2 to fall (rain, snow).cayeron cuatro gotas there were a few spots of rain3 to go down, to set (sun).al caer el día o la tarde at duskal caer el sol at sunset4 to fall for it.5 to drop in (to visit). ( Latin American Spanish)Se me cayó el vaso I dropped the glass.6 to decrease, to decline, to fall, to drop.La presión barométrica cayó The barometric pressure decreased=fell.7 to drop it.Se me cayó I dropped it.8 to fall on, to drop on, to fall over.Me cayó una gota de lluvia A raindrop fell on me.9 to crash on.Se me cayó el sistema The system crashed on me.* * *Present Indicativecaigo, caes, cae, caemos, caéis, caen.Past IndicativePresent SubjunctiveImperfect SubjunctiveFuture SubjunctiveImperative* * *verb1) to fall2) drop3) hang•- caerse- caer bien
- caer mal* * *Para las expresiones caer en la cuenta, caer en desuso, caer en el olvido, caer enfermo, caer redondo, caerse de risa, ver la otra entrada.1. VERBO INTRANSITIVO1) [persona, objeto]a) [desde la posición vertical] to fall•
[hacer] caer algo — to knock sth overb) [desde una altura] to fall•
[dejar] caer — [+ objeto] to drop; [+ comentario] to slip in•
[dejarse] caer — [sobre sofá, cama] to fall; (=visitar) to drop in, drop bysuele dejarse caer por aquí — he usually drops in {o} by
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caer [sobre] algo/algn — to fall on sth/sbqueremos que caiga sobre él todo el peso de la Ley — we want the full weight of the law to be brought to bear on him
su excarcelación está al caer — his release is imminent {o} is expected any day
2) [lluvia, helada]¡qué nevada ha caído! — what a heavy snowfall!, what a heavy fall of snow!
3) (=colgar) to hang, falles una tela que cae mucho — it's a fabric which hangs {o} falls nicely
4) (=bajar) [precio, temperatura] to fall, droppicado 2., 2)caerá la temperatura por debajo de los veinte grados — the temperature will fall {o} drop below twenty degrees
5) (=ser derrotado) [soldados, ejército] to be defeated; [deportista, equipo] to be beaten; [ciudad, plaza] to fall, be captured; [criminal] to be arrested6) (=morir) to fall, diemuchos cayeron en el campo de batalla — many fell {o} died on the field of battle
7)•
caer [en] (=incurrir) —no debemos caer en el triunfalismo — we mustn't give way to triumphalism {o} to crowing over our triumphs
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caer en el [error] de hacer algo — to make the mistake of doing sth•
caer en la [tentación] — to give in {o} yield to temptationy no nos dejes caer en la tentación — (Biblia) and lead us not into temptation
caer bajo —
trampa 2)¡qué bajo has caído! — [moralmente] how low can you get!, how can you sink so low?; [socialmente] you've certainly come down in the world!
8) (=darse cuenta)no caigo — I don't get it *, I don't understand
ya caigo — I see, now I understand, now I get it *
•
caer en [que] — to realize that9) [fecha] to fall, besu cumpleaños cae en viernes — her birthday falls {o} is on a Friday
¿en qué cae el día de Navidad? — what day is Christmas Day?, what day does Christmas fall on?
10) (=tocar)el premio gordo ha caído en Madrid — the first prize (in the lottery) {o} the jackpot went to Madrid
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caerle [a algn], le pueden caer muchos años de condena — he could get a very long sentence11) (=estar situado) to be¿por dónde cae eso? — whereabouts is that?
eso cae más hacia el este — that lies {o} is further to the east
12)• caer [dentro] de (=estar comprendido en) —
eso cae dentro de la responsabilidad de los ayuntamientos — that falls within the remit of town councils
13) (=causar impresión)no les caí — CAm I didn't hit it off with them, I didn't get on well with them, they didn't take to me
•
caer [bien] a algn, me cae (muy) bien — I (really) like him, I like him (very much)Pedro no le cayó bien a mi padre — Pedro didn't make a very good impression on my father, my father didn't really take to Pedro
•
caer [gordo] {o} [fatal] a algn * —me cae gordo {o} fatal el tío ese — I can't stand that guy
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caer [mal] a algn, me cae mal — I don't like him14) (=sentar)a) [información, comentario]me cayó fatal lo que me dijiste — I was very upset by what you said, what you said really upset me
b) [ropa]15) (=terminar)•
al caer la [noche] — at nightfall•
al caer la [tarde] — at dusk2.See:* * *1.verbo intransitivo1) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de posición vertical) to fall overcaí mal — I fell badly o awkwardly
se dejó caer en el sillón/en sus brazos — she flopped into the armchair/fell into his arms
el avión cayó en picada or (Esp) en picado — the plane nosedived
caer parado — (AmL) ( literal) to land on one's feet; ( tener suerte) to fall o land on one's feet
dejar caer algo — < objeto> to drop; < noticia> to let drop o fall; < indirecta> to drop
2) chaparrón/nevada3)a) cortinas/falda to hangb) terreno to drop4)a) ( incurrir)caer en algo: no caigas en ese error don't make that mistake; cayó en la tentación de mirar she succumbed to the temptation to look; la obra por momentos cae en lo ridículo at times the play lapses into the ridiculous; caer muy bajo to stoop very low; qué bajo has caído — you've really sunk low this time
b) (en engaño, timo)caer como angelitos — (fam)
cayeron como chinos or angelitos — they swallowed it hook, line and sinker
5) (fam) (entender, darse cuenta)ah, ya caigo! — ( ya entiendo) oh, now I get it! (colloq); ( ya recuerdo) oh, now I remember
no caigo — I can't think o I'm not sure what (o who etc) you mean
no caí en que tú no tenías llave — I didn't realize o (fam) I didn't click that you didn't have keys
6) ( en un estado)caer en desuso — palabra to fall into disuse; costumbre to die out
7)a) gobierno/ciudad to fallb) ( perder el cargo) to lose one's jobse hará una investigación, caiga quien caiga — an inquiry will be held, however many heads have to roll
c) soldado ( morir) to fall, die; ( ser apresado) to be caught8)a) desgracia/maldicióncaer sobre alguien — to befall somebody (frml or liter)
la que me (te, etc) ha caído encima — (fam)
b)al caer la tarde/la noche — at sunset o dusk/nightfall
antes de que caiga la noche — before it gets dark o before nightfall
9) (fam) ( tocar en suerte)10) (+ compl)a) ( sentar)b) ( en cuestiones de gusto)me cae de gordo or de mal... — (fam) I can't stand him (colloq)
11)a) (fam) ( presentarse) to show up, turn up (BrE)de vez en cuando cae or se deja caer por aquí — she drops by o in now and then
estar al caer: los invitados están al caer — the guests will be here any minute o moment (now)
b) ( abalanzarse)caer sobre alguien — to fall upon o on somebody
caerle encima a alguien — (fam) to pounce o leap on somebody
12)a) ( estar comprendido)cae dentro de nuestra jurisdicción — it comes under o falls within our jurisdiction
b) cumpleaños/festividad to fall onel 20 cae en (un) domingo — the 20th falls on a Sunday o is a Sunday
¿el 27 (en) qué día cae or en qué cae? — what day's the 27th?
c) (Esp fam) ( estar situado) to be¿por dónde cae? — whereabouts is that?
13) precios/temperatura to fall, drop14) (Ven) ( aportar dinero) (fam) to chip in (colloq)15) (Ven fam) llamada2.caerse v pron1)a) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de la posición vertical) to fall, to fall overcaerse del caballo/de la cama — to fall off one's horse/out of bed
se cayó redondo — (fam) he collapsed in a heap
está que se cae de cansancio — (fam) she's dead on her feet (colloq)
b) (+ me/te/le etc)oiga, se le cayó un guante — excuse me, you dropped your glove
cuidado, no se te vaya a caer — be careful, don't drop it
caerse con alguien — (Col fam) to go down in somebody's estimation
no tiene/tienen dónde caerse muerto/muertos — (fam) he hasn't/they haven't got a penny to his/their name
se cae por su propio peso or de maduro — it goes without saying
2) ( desprenderse) diente to fall out; hojas to fall off; botón to come off, fall off* * *= drop, fall, tumble, slump, take + a tumble.Ex. The search profile will only be modified periodically as the quality of the set of notifications output from the search drops to unacceptable levels.Ex. There may be pale drip marks in the neighbourhood of the tranchefiles, where drops of water fell from the deckle or from the maker's hand on to the new-made sheet.Ex. The form this 'hypothesis' has come to take is easily dismissed as a straw figure and serious consideration of the relation between language diversity and thinking has largely tumbled with it.Ex. The copy was grubby from use, a paperback with a photographically realistic full-color painting on its cover of an early teenage boy slumped in what looked to me like a corner of a very dirty back alley, a can of Coke in his hand.Ex. Tourism takes a tumble in Australia due to the global credit crunch.----* al caer la noche = at nightfall.* caer aguanieve = sleet.* caer al vacío = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.* caer como chinches = drop like + flies.* caer como moscas = drop like + flies.* caer de cabeza = go over + Posesivo + head.* caer de espaldas = fall on + Posesivo + back.* caer dentro de = fall within/into, fall into.* caer dentro de la competencia de = be the province of, fall within + the province of.* caer de pie = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet.* caer deshecho = flake out.* caer desplomado = slump in + a heap.* caer en = run + foul of, lapse into, slip into, slide into.* caer en barbecho = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.* caer en batalla = fall in + battle.* caer en combate = fall in + action.* caer en descrédito = come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute.* caer en desgracia = fall from + grace, fall into + disfavour, tumble into + disgrace, come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute, be in the doghouse, fall + foul of.* caer en desuso = fall into + disuse, fall out of + fashion, go out of + use, lapse, fall into + disfavour, die out, drop from + sight, go out of + favour, pass away, fall into + desuetude, fall into + desuetude, pass into + desuetude, sink into + desuetude, sink into + oblivion.* caer en el error de = fall into + the error of, blunder into.* caer en el olvido = fall into + obscurity, fall into + oblivion, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion, blow over.* caer enfermo = become + ill, fall + ill, get + sick.* caer en forma de cascada = cascade.* caer en gracia = take + a fancy to, take + a shine to, take + a liking to.* caer en la cuenta = dawn on, wise up, the penny dropped, suss (out).* caer en la cuenta de = realise [realize, -USA].* caer en la nada = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.* caer en la oscuridad = fall into + obscurity, sink into + oblivion, sink into + obscurity, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion.* caer en la tentación = fall into + temptation.* caer en la trampa = fall into + the trap, fall for + it, fall into + the snare.* caer en manos de = fall into + the hands of.* caer en manos enemigas = fall into + enemy hands.* caer en oídos sordos = fall on + deaf ears, meet + deaf ears.* caer en picado = plummet, swoop, take + a nosedive, nosedive.* caer en redondo = flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness, pass out, keel over.* caer en terreno baldío = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.* caer en terreno pedregoso = fall on + stony ground.* caer en una broma = fall for + a joke, fall for + it.* caer en una trampa = tumble into + pitfall.* caer en un hábito = lapse into + habit.* caer fuera de = fall outside, lie beyond.* caer fuera del alcance de = fall outside + the scope of.* caer fuera de las responsabilidades de = be on the outer fringes of.* caer fuera del interés de = lie outside + the scope of.* caer fuera del interés de uno = fall outside + Posesivo + interest.* caer fuera del objetivo de = fall outside + the scope of.* caer hecho polvo = flake out.* caer mal = rub + Nombre + up the wrong way.* caer por selección = drop.* caer presa de = fall + prey to, be prey of.* caerse = fall out, fall off, tumble down, topple over, come + a cropper, go down, fall over, take + a tumble.* caerse a = topple onto.* caerse bien = hit it off.* caerse colándose por = fall through.* caerse de = fall off of.* caerse de bruces = fall + flat on + Posesivo + face.* caerse de la cama = roll out of + bed.* caerse hacia atrás = fall backwards.* caerse hacia delante = fall forward.* caérsele la baba por = go + gaga (over).* caerse muerto = drop + dead.* caerse recondo = pass out.* caerse redondo = keel over, flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness.* caer sobre = fall onto.* caer un chaparrón = the skies + open up.* caer un diluvio = the skies + open up.* cayéndose a pedazos = disintegrating.* comprar hasta caer muerto = shop 'til you drop.* dejar caer = drop, dump.* dejar caer insinuaciones = throw + hints.* dejar caer una indirecta = drop + a hint.* dejarse caer = drop by, drop in, slump, droop, mosey.* empezar a caer en picado = hit + the skids, be on the skids.* hacer caer = oust.* maná caído del cielo = manna from heaven.* no caer bien = not take + kindly to, not take + kindly to.* no caer en buenas manos = fall into + the wrong hands.* noche + caer = night + fall.* no tener donde caerse muerto = not have two pennies to rub together.* palabras + caer en + saco roto = words + fall on + deaf ears.* precio + caer = price + fall.* recesión + caer en = recession + set in.* salir y caer = fall out (of).* sistema + caerse = system + crash.* telón + caer = curtain + fall.* trabajar hasta caer muerto = work + Reflexivo + to the ground, work + Reflexivo + to death.* volver a caer (en) = relapse (into).* * *1.verbo intransitivo1) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de posición vertical) to fall overcaí mal — I fell badly o awkwardly
se dejó caer en el sillón/en sus brazos — she flopped into the armchair/fell into his arms
el avión cayó en picada or (Esp) en picado — the plane nosedived
caer parado — (AmL) ( literal) to land on one's feet; ( tener suerte) to fall o land on one's feet
dejar caer algo — < objeto> to drop; < noticia> to let drop o fall; < indirecta> to drop
2) chaparrón/nevada3)a) cortinas/falda to hangb) terreno to drop4)a) ( incurrir)caer en algo: no caigas en ese error don't make that mistake; cayó en la tentación de mirar she succumbed to the temptation to look; la obra por momentos cae en lo ridículo at times the play lapses into the ridiculous; caer muy bajo to stoop very low; qué bajo has caído — you've really sunk low this time
b) (en engaño, timo)caer como angelitos — (fam)
cayeron como chinos or angelitos — they swallowed it hook, line and sinker
5) (fam) (entender, darse cuenta)ah, ya caigo! — ( ya entiendo) oh, now I get it! (colloq); ( ya recuerdo) oh, now I remember
no caigo — I can't think o I'm not sure what (o who etc) you mean
no caí en que tú no tenías llave — I didn't realize o (fam) I didn't click that you didn't have keys
6) ( en un estado)caer en desuso — palabra to fall into disuse; costumbre to die out
7)a) gobierno/ciudad to fallb) ( perder el cargo) to lose one's jobse hará una investigación, caiga quien caiga — an inquiry will be held, however many heads have to roll
c) soldado ( morir) to fall, die; ( ser apresado) to be caught8)a) desgracia/maldicióncaer sobre alguien — to befall somebody (frml or liter)
la que me (te, etc) ha caído encima — (fam)
b)al caer la tarde/la noche — at sunset o dusk/nightfall
antes de que caiga la noche — before it gets dark o before nightfall
9) (fam) ( tocar en suerte)10) (+ compl)a) ( sentar)b) ( en cuestiones de gusto)me cae de gordo or de mal... — (fam) I can't stand him (colloq)
11)a) (fam) ( presentarse) to show up, turn up (BrE)de vez en cuando cae or se deja caer por aquí — she drops by o in now and then
estar al caer: los invitados están al caer — the guests will be here any minute o moment (now)
b) ( abalanzarse)caer sobre alguien — to fall upon o on somebody
caerle encima a alguien — (fam) to pounce o leap on somebody
12)a) ( estar comprendido)cae dentro de nuestra jurisdicción — it comes under o falls within our jurisdiction
b) cumpleaños/festividad to fall onel 20 cae en (un) domingo — the 20th falls on a Sunday o is a Sunday
¿el 27 (en) qué día cae or en qué cae? — what day's the 27th?
c) (Esp fam) ( estar situado) to be¿por dónde cae? — whereabouts is that?
13) precios/temperatura to fall, drop14) (Ven) ( aportar dinero) (fam) to chip in (colloq)15) (Ven fam) llamada2.caerse v pron1)a) ( de una altura) to fall; ( de la posición vertical) to fall, to fall overcaerse del caballo/de la cama — to fall off one's horse/out of bed
se cayó redondo — (fam) he collapsed in a heap
está que se cae de cansancio — (fam) she's dead on her feet (colloq)
b) (+ me/te/le etc)oiga, se le cayó un guante — excuse me, you dropped your glove
cuidado, no se te vaya a caer — be careful, don't drop it
caerse con alguien — (Col fam) to go down in somebody's estimation
no tiene/tienen dónde caerse muerto/muertos — (fam) he hasn't/they haven't got a penny to his/their name
se cae por su propio peso or de maduro — it goes without saying
2) ( desprenderse) diente to fall out; hojas to fall off; botón to come off, fall off* * *= drop, fall, tumble, slump, take + a tumble.Ex: The search profile will only be modified periodically as the quality of the set of notifications output from the search drops to unacceptable levels.
Ex: There may be pale drip marks in the neighbourhood of the tranchefiles, where drops of water fell from the deckle or from the maker's hand on to the new-made sheet.Ex: The form this 'hypothesis' has come to take is easily dismissed as a straw figure and serious consideration of the relation between language diversity and thinking has largely tumbled with it.Ex: The copy was grubby from use, a paperback with a photographically realistic full-color painting on its cover of an early teenage boy slumped in what looked to me like a corner of a very dirty back alley, a can of Coke in his hand.Ex: Tourism takes a tumble in Australia due to the global credit crunch.* al caer la noche = at nightfall.* caer aguanieve = sleet.* caer al vacío = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.* caer como chinches = drop like + flies.* caer como moscas = drop like + flies.* caer de cabeza = go over + Posesivo + head.* caer de espaldas = fall on + Posesivo + back.* caer dentro de = fall within/into, fall into.* caer dentro de la competencia de = be the province of, fall within + the province of.* caer de pie = land on + Posesivo + (own two) feet.* caer deshecho = flake out.* caer desplomado = slump in + a heap.* caer en = run + foul of, lapse into, slip into, slide into.* caer en barbecho = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.* caer en batalla = fall in + battle.* caer en combate = fall in + action.* caer en descrédito = come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute.* caer en desgracia = fall from + grace, fall into + disfavour, tumble into + disgrace, come into + disrepute, fall into + disrepute, be in the doghouse, fall + foul of.* caer en desuso = fall into + disuse, fall out of + fashion, go out of + use, lapse, fall into + disfavour, die out, drop from + sight, go out of + favour, pass away, fall into + desuetude, fall into + desuetude, pass into + desuetude, sink into + desuetude, sink into + oblivion.* caer en el error de = fall into + the error of, blunder into.* caer en el olvido = fall into + obscurity, fall into + oblivion, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion, blow over.* caer enfermo = become + ill, fall + ill, get + sick.* caer en forma de cascada = cascade.* caer en gracia = take + a fancy to, take + a shine to, take + a liking to.* caer en la cuenta = dawn on, wise up, the penny dropped, suss (out).* caer en la cuenta de = realise [realize, -USA].* caer en la nada = fall into + the void, fall into + (empty) space.* caer en la oscuridad = fall into + obscurity, sink into + oblivion, sink into + obscurity, fade into + obscurity, fade into + oblivion.* caer en la tentación = fall into + temptation.* caer en la trampa = fall into + the trap, fall for + it, fall into + the snare.* caer en manos de = fall into + the hands of.* caer en manos enemigas = fall into + enemy hands.* caer en oídos sordos = fall on + deaf ears, meet + deaf ears.* caer en picado = plummet, swoop, take + a nosedive, nosedive.* caer en redondo = flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness, pass out, keel over.* caer en terreno baldío = fall on + barren ground, fall on + fallow ground.* caer en terreno pedregoso = fall on + stony ground.* caer en una broma = fall for + a joke, fall for + it.* caer en una trampa = tumble into + pitfall.* caer en un hábito = lapse into + habit.* caer fuera de = fall outside, lie beyond.* caer fuera del alcance de = fall outside + the scope of.* caer fuera de las responsabilidades de = be on the outer fringes of.* caer fuera del interés de = lie outside + the scope of.* caer fuera del interés de uno = fall outside + Posesivo + interest.* caer fuera del objetivo de = fall outside + the scope of.* caer hecho polvo = flake out.* caer mal = rub + Nombre + up the wrong way.* caer por selección = drop.* caer presa de = fall + prey to, be prey of.* caerse = fall out, fall off, tumble down, topple over, come + a cropper, go down, fall over, take + a tumble.* caerse a = topple onto.* caerse bien = hit it off.* caerse colándose por = fall through.* caerse de = fall off of.* caerse de bruces = fall + flat on + Posesivo + face.* caerse de la cama = roll out of + bed.* caerse hacia atrás = fall backwards.* caerse hacia delante = fall forward.* caérsele la baba por = go + gaga (over).* caerse muerto = drop + dead.* caerse recondo = pass out.* caerse redondo = keel over, flake out, lose + Posesivo + consciousness.* caer sobre = fall onto.* caer un chaparrón = the skies + open up.* caer un diluvio = the skies + open up.* cayéndose a pedazos = disintegrating.* comprar hasta caer muerto = shop 'til you drop.* dejar caer = drop, dump.* dejar caer insinuaciones = throw + hints.* dejar caer una indirecta = drop + a hint.* dejarse caer = drop by, drop in, slump, droop, mosey.* empezar a caer en picado = hit + the skids, be on the skids.* hacer caer = oust.* maná caído del cielo = manna from heaven.* no caer bien = not take + kindly to, not take + kindly to.* no caer en buenas manos = fall into + the wrong hands.* noche + caer = night + fall.* no tener donde caerse muerto = not have two pennies to rub together.* palabras + caer en + saco roto = words + fall on + deaf ears.* precio + caer = price + fall.* recesión + caer en = recession + set in.* salir y caer = fall out (of).* sistema + caerse = system + crash.* telón + caer = curtain + fall.* trabajar hasta caer muerto = work + Reflexivo + to the ground, work + Reflexivo + to death.* volver a caer (en) = relapse (into).* * *■ caer (verbo intransitivo)A de una alturaB caer: chaparrón, nevadaC1 caer: cortinas, falda2 caer: terrenoD1 incurrir2 en un engaño, un timoE entender, darse cuentaF1 en un estado2 caer en un vicioG1 caer: gobierno, plaza etc2 perder el cargo3 caer: soldado4 caer: fugitivo5 caer enfermoH1 caer: desgracia, maldición etc2 caer: tarde, nocheI tocar en suerteJ1 sentarle mal2 en cuestiones de gustoK1 presentarse, aparecer2 caer sobre alguienL1 estar comprendido2 caer: cumpleaños etc3 estar situadoM caer: precios etcN aportar dineroO caer: llamada■ caerse (verbo pronominal)A1 de una altura2 caerse + me/te/le etcB desprenderseC equivocarseD contribuirviA (de una altura) to fall; (de la posición vertical) to fall overcaí mal y me rompí una pierna I fell badly o awkwardly and broke my legtropezó y cayó cuan largo era he tripped and fell flat on his facecayó de espaldas/de bruces she fell flat on her back/facecayeron de rodillas y le pidieron perdón they fell o dropped to their knees and begged for forgivenesscayó el telón the curtain came down o fellla pelota cayó en el pozo the ball fell o dropped into the wellel coche cayó por un precipicio the car went over a cliffcayó muerto allí mismo he dropped down dead on the spotse dejó caer en el sillón she flopped into the armchairse dejó caer desde el borde del precipicio he jumped off from the edge of the cliffel avión cayó en picada or ( Esp) en picado the plane nosedivedel helicóptero cayó en el mar the helicopter came down o crashed in the seale caían lágrimas de los ojos tears fell from her eyes o rolled down her cheeksdejar caer algo ‹objeto› to drop;‹noticia› to let drop o falllo dejó caer así, como quien no quiere la cosa she just slipped it into the conversation, she just let it drop in passingB«chaparrón/nevada»: cayó una helada there was a frostcayó una fuerte nevada it snowed heavilyempezó a caer granizo it began to hailestá cayendo un aguacero it's pouringcayeron unas pocas gotas there were a few drops of rainel rayo cayó muy cerca de aquí the lightning struck very near hereC1 «cortinas/falda» (colgar, pender) to hangcon un poco de almidón la tela cae mejor a little starch makes the fabric hang betterel pelo le caía suelto hasta la cintura her hair hung down to her waist2 «terreno» to drop, fallel terreno cae en pendiente hacia el río the land falls away o slopes down toward(s) the riverD1 (incurrir) caer EN algo:no caigas en el error de decírselo don't make the mistake of telling himno nos dejes caer en la tentación lead us not into temptationcayó en la tentación de leer la carta she succumbed to the temptation to read the letterla obra por momentos cae en lo ridículo at times the play lapses into the ridiculousesos chistes ya caen en lo chabacano those jokes can only be described as vulgarcaer muy bajo to stoop very lowvenderse así es caer muy bajo I wouldn't stoop so low as to sell myself like that¡qué bajo has caído! you've sunk pretty low!, how low can you get!, that's stooping pretty low!2(en un engaño, un timo): a todos nos hizo el mismo cuento y todos caímos he told us all the same story and we all fell for it¿cómo pudiste caer en semejante trampa? how could you be taken in by o fall for a trick like that?caer como chinos or angelitos ( fam): todos cayeron como chinos or angelitos they swallowed it hook, line and sinkerE ( fam)(entender, darse cuenta): ¡ah, ya caigo! oh, now I get it! ( colloq)F1(en un estado): caer en desuso «palabra» to fall into disuse;«costumbre» to die outcaer en el olvido to sink into oblivion2caer en un vicio to get into a bad habitcaer en el alcohol to take to drinkcaer en la droga to start taking drugsG1 «gobierno/ciudad/plaza» to fallla capital había caído en poder del enemigo the capital had fallen into enemy hands¡que no vaya a caer en manos del profesor! don't let the teacher get hold of it!, don't let it fall into the teacher's hands!2 (perder el cargo) to lose one's jobcayó por disentir con ellos he lost his job o ( colloq) came to grief because he disagreed with themvamos a continuar con la investigación, caiga quien caiga we are going to continue with the investigation, however many heads have to roll3 «soldado» (morir) to fall, die4 «fugitivo» (ser apresado) to be caughthan caído los cabecillas de la pandilla the gang leaders have been caught5caer enfermo to fall ill, be taken illcayó en cama he took to his bedyo también caí con gripe I went o came down with flu as wellHla tragedia que ha caído sobre nuestro pueblo the tragedy that has befallen our nation2al caer la tarde/la noche at sunset o dusk/nightfallantes de que caiga la noche before it gets dark o before nightfallI ( fam)(tocar en suerte): le cayó una pregunta muy difícil he got a really difficult question¡te va a caer una bofetada! you're going to get a smack!le cayeron tres años (de cárcel) he got three years (in jail)¿cuántas (asignaturas) te han caído este año? ( Esp); how many subjects have you failed this year?el gordo ha caído en Bilbao the jackpot has been won in BilbaoJ (+ compl)1(sentar): el pescado me cayó mal the fish didn't agree with mele cayó muy mal que no la invitaran she wasn't invited and she took it very badly, she was very upset at o about not being invitedla noticia me cayó como un balde or jarro de agua fría the news came as a real shock2(en cuestiones de gusto): tu primo me cae muy bien or muy simpático I really like your cousinKno podías haber caído en mejor momento you couldn't have turned up o come at a better timede vez en cuando cae or se deja caer por aquí she drops by o in now and thenno podemos caerles así, de improviso we can't just show o turn up on their doorstep without any warningestar al caer: los invitados están al caer the guests will be here any minute o moment (now)2 (abalanzarse) caer SOBRE algn to fall upon o on sbtres enmascarados cayeron sobre él three masked men pounced on him o fell on him o set upon himcayeron sobre el enemigo a medianoche they fell on o ( frml) descended on the enemy at midnightcaerle encima a algn ( fam); to pounce o leap on sbL1 (estar comprendido) caer DENTRO DE algo:ese barrio no cae dentro de nuestra jurisdicción that area doesn't come under o fall within our jurisdictionsu caso no cae dentro de mi competencia his case falls outside the scope of my powers ( frml)eso cae dentro de sus obligaciones that's part of her job, that's one of her dutiescae de lleno dentro de la corriente posmodernista it fits squarely within the postmodernist style2 «cumpleaños/festividad» to fallel 20 de febrero cae en (un) domingo February 20 falls on a Sunday o is a Sunday¿el 27 (en) qué día cae or en qué cae? what day's the 27th?¿eso por dónde cae? whereabouts is that?M «precios/temperatura» (bajar) to fall, dropel dólar ha caído en el mercado internacional the dollar has fallen on the international marketO■ caerseA1 (de una altura) to fall; (de la posición vertical) to fall, fall overbájate de ahí, te vas a caer come down from there, you'll falltropecé y casi me caigo I tripped and nearly fell (over)casi me caigo al agua I nearly fell in o into the waterme caí por las escaleras I fell down the stairsse cayó del caballo he fell off his horsese cayó de la cama she fell out of bedse cayó redondo ( fam); he collapsed in a heapestá que se cae de cansancio ( fam); she's dead on her feet ( colloq), she's ready to drop ( colloq)se cayó y se rompió it fell and smashed2 (+ me/te/le etc):oiga, se le ha caído un guante excuse me, you've dropped your glovese me cayó de las manos it slipped out of my handsten cuidado, no se te vaya a caer be careful, don't drop itpor poco se me cae el armario encima the wardrobe nearly fell on top of mese me están cayendo las medias my stockings are falling downestoy caída con ella I'm in her bad books ( colloq)¡me caigo y no me levanto! ( fam euf) (expresando sorpresa) well, I'll be darned o ( BrE) blowed! ( colloq), good heavens! ( colloq) (expresando irritación) I don't believe it!se cae de or por su propio peso or de maduro it goes without sayingB (desprenderse) «diente» to fall out; «hojas» to fall off; «botón» to come off, fall offse le cayó un diente one of her teeth fell outse le ha empezado a caer el pelo he's started to lose his hair o go baldla ropa se le caía a pedazos de vieja her clothes were so old they were falling to pieces o falling apartD* * *
caer ( conjugate caer) verbo intransitivo
1 ( de una altura) to fall;
( de posición vertical) to fall over;
cayó muerto allí mismo he dropped down dead on the spot;
cayó en el mar it came down in the sea;
caer parado (AmL) to land on one's feet;
dejar caer algo ‹objeto/indirecta› to drop sth.;
dejó caer la noticia que … she let drop the news that …
2a) [chaparrón/nevada]:
cayó una fuerte nevada it snowed heavily;
el rayo cayó cerca the lightning struck nearby
◊ al caer la tarde/noche at sunset o dusk/nightfall
3
4 (en error, trampa):
todos caímos (en la trampa) we all fell for it;
cayó en la tentación de mirar she succumbed to the temptation to look;
caer muy bajo to stoop very low
5 (fam) (entender, darse cuenta):◊ ¡ah, ya caigo! ( ya entiendo) oh, now I get it! (colloq);
( ya recuerdo) oh, now I remember;
no caí en que tú no tenías llave I didn't realize o (fam) I didn't click that you didn't have keys
6 ( en un estado):
caer enfermo to fall ill
7 [gobierno/ciudad] to fall;
[ soldado] ( morir) to fall, die
8 [precios/temperatura] to fall, drop
9a) ( sentar):
le cayó muy mal que no la invitaran she was very upset about not being invitedb) [ persona]:
me cae muy mal (fam) I can't stand him (colloq);
¿qué tal te cayó? what did you think of him?
[cumpleaños/festividad] to fall on;◊ ¿el 27 en qué (día) cae? what day's the 27th?
caerse verbo pronominal
( de posición vertical) to fall, to fall over;
caerse del caballo/de la cama to fall off one's horse/out of bed;
está que se cae de cansancio (fam) she's dead on her feet (colloq)b) caérsele algo a algn:◊ oiga, se le cayó un guante excuse me, you dropped your glove;
no se te vaya a caer don't drop it;
se me cayó de las manos it slipped out of my hands;
se me están cayendo las medias my stockings are falling down
[ hojas] to fall off;
[ botón] to come off, fall off;
caer verbo intransitivo
1 to fall
caer desde lo alto, to fall from the top
caer por la ventana, to fall out of the window
caer por las escaleras, to fall down the stairs
2 (captar) to understand, see: no caí, I didn't twig
US I didn't realize it
ya caigo, ¡qué tontería!, I get it ¡it's easy!
3 (estar situado) to be: eso cae por aquí cerca, it is somewhere near here
4 (tener lugar) to be: ¿cuándo cae este año la Semana Santa?, when is Easter this year?
5 (causar buena o mala impresión) le cae bien/mal, he likes/doesn't like her
parece que el muchacho le cayó en gracia, it seems that he likes the boy
6 (en una situación) caer enfermo, to fall ill
caer en desgracia, to fall out of favour
7 (ir a parar) cayó en las garras del enemigo, she fell into the clutches of the enemy
fuimos a caer en una pensión de mala muerte, we turned up in the guesthouse from hell
♦ Locuciones: caer (muy) bajo, to sink (very) low
dejar caer, (un objeto, una indirecta) to drop
dejarse caer por, to drop by
estar al caer, (a punto de llegar) he'll arrive any minute now
(a punto de ocurrir) it's on the way
al caer el día, in the evening
al caer la noche, at nightfall
' caer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
abatimiento
- abatirse
- al
- anillo
- burra
- burro
- chinche
- combatir
- cuenta
- dejarse
- derrumbar
- derrumbarse
- descolgar
- desgracia
- desmayada
- desmayado
- despatarrarse
- desuso
- estar
- gorda
- gordo
- lazada
- pelo
- picada
- picado
- plomo
- pura
- puro
- red
- redonda
- redondo
- resbalar
- tirar
- tirarse
- Tiro
- trampa
- tumbar
- ubicarse
- verter
- balde
- bomba
- caiga
- cama
- cayera
- dejar
- enfermar
- ir
- largar
- muerto
- olvido
English:
bear down on
- clutch
- come down
- deaf
- die out
- disgrace
- disrepute
- down
- drop
- fall
- favor
- favour
- flat
- flop
- freeze
- intimate
- keel over
- land
- lapse
- oblivion
- plummet
- push over
- rub up
- shake down
- sharply
- sink
- slump
- snare
- steeply
- strike
- tailspin
- twig
- walk into
- wise
- beat
- blow
- cascade
- catch
- come
- crash
- die
- go
- hang
- keel
- knock
- nose
- plunge
- realize
- shower
- splash
* * *♦ vi1. [hacia abajo] to fall;cuando caen las hojas when the leaves fall;caer de un tejado/árbol to fall from a roof/tree;caer en un pozo to fall into a well;el avión cayó al mar the plane crashed into the sea;tropezó y cayó al suelo she tripped and fell (over o down);cayó en brazos de su madre she fell into her mother's arms;cayó por la ventana a la calle he fell out of the window into the street;cayó de bruces/de cabeza she fell flat on her face/headlong;cayó redondo he slumped to the ground, he collapsed in a heap;cayó rodando por la escalera she fell down the stairs;dejar caer algo [objeto] to drop sth;dejar caer que… [comentar] to let drop that…;dejó caer la noticia de su renuncia como si no tuviera importancia she casually mentioned the fact that she was resigning as if it were a matter of no importance;hacer caer algo to knock sth down, to make sth fall2. [lluvia, nieve] to fall;caerá nieve por encima de los 1.000 metros snow is expected in areas over 1,000 metres;cayeron cuatro gotas there were a few spots of rain;cayó una helada there was a frost;está cayendo un diluvio it's pouring down;Famestá cayendo una buena it's pouring down, Br it's chucking it down;cayó un rayo a pocos metros del edificio a bolt of lightning struck only a few metres from the building3. [sol] to go down, to set;al caer el sol at sunset;la noche cayó antes de que llegaran al refugio night fell before they reached the shelter4. [colgar] to fall, to hang down;el cabello le caía sobre los hombros her hair hung down to o fell over her shoulders5. [ciudad, gobierno] to fall;el aeropuerto cayó en poder de los insurgentes the airport fell to the rebels, the airport was taken by the rebels;el Imperio Romano cayó en el siglo V the Roman Empire fell in the 5th century;el escándalo hizo caer al Primer Ministro the scandal brought the Prime Minister down;han caído los líderes del comando terrorista the leaders of the terrorist unit have been captured6. [morir] [soldado] to fall, to be killed;caer como moscas to drop like flies7. [decrecer] [interés] to decrease, to subside;[precio] to fall, to go down;ha caído bastante el interés por estos temas interest in these subjects has fallen away o subsided quite a lot;ha caído el precio del café the price of coffee has gone down o fallen;los precios cayeron súbitamente prices fell suddenly;la libra ha caído frente al euro the pound has fallen o dropped against the euroRelno nos dejes caer en la tentación lead us not into temptation;tu actitud cae en lo patético your attitude is nothing less than pathetic;no debemos caer en la provocación we shouldn't allow ourselves to be provoked9. [darse cuenta]no dije nada porque no caí I didn't say anything because it didn't occur to me to do so;caer (en algo) [recordar] to be able to remember (sth);¡ahora caigo! [lo entiendo] I see it now!;[lo recuerdo] now I remember!;ahora caigo en lo que dices now I see what you are saying;Espno caigo I give up, I don't know;caer en la cuenta to realize, to understand;cuando cayó en la cuenta del error, intentó subsanarlo when she realized her mistake, she tried to correct it10. [picar] [en broma] to fall for it;me gastaron una broma, pero no caí they played a trick on me, but I didn't fall for it;caer en una trampa to fall into a trapnos cayó la mala suerte we had bad luck;me cayó el tema que mejor me sabía I got a question on the subject I knew best;le cayeron dos años (de cárcel) he got two years (in jail);la desgracia cayó sobre él he was overtaken by misfortune;¿cómo me ha podido caer a mí un trabajo así? how did I end up getting a job like this?;procura que el informe no caiga en sus manos try to avoid the report falling into her handscae en domingo it falls on a Sunday;¿en qué día cae Navidad este año? what day (of the week) is Christmas this year?¿por dónde cae la oficina de turismo? where's o whereabouts is the tourist information centre?;los baños caen a la izquierda the toilets are on the left;cae en el segundo capítulo it's in the second chapter;eso cae fuera de mis competencias that is o falls outside my remitcayó en cama he took to his bed;caer en desuso to fall into disuse;caer en el olvido to fall into oblivion;caer en la desesperación to fall into despair;caer en desgracia to fall into disgrace15. [sentar]caer bien/mal [comentario, noticia] to go down well/badly;su comentario no cayó nada bien her comment didn't go down well;caer bien/mal a alguien [comida, bebida] to agree/disagree with sb;Esp [ropa] to suit/not to suit sb; Esplos pantalones ajustados no te caen nada bien tight trousers don't suit you at all;caer como un jarro de agua fría to come as a real shockme cae mal I can't stand him;tu hermano me cae muy mal I can't stand your brother;me cayó mal I didn't like him at all;cae mal a todo el mundo he doesn't get on with anyone;Famtu jefe me cae gordo I can't stand your bosscayeron sobre la ciudad para saquearla they fell upon the city and pillaged itla mitad de la clase cayó en el primer examen half the class failed the first exam;¿cuántas te han caído? how many did you fail?el equipo ha caído mucho en el último mes the team has gone seriously off the boil over the last month21. Am [visitar] to drop in22. Compcaer (muy) bajo to sink (very) low;parece mentira que hayas caído tan bajo I can hardly believe that you would sink so low;¡qué bajo has caído! I never thought you'd sink so low!;caer por su propio peso to be self-evident;todos mis consejos cayeron en saco roto all my advice fell on deaf ears;dejarse caer por casa de alguien to drop by sb's house;estar al caer to be about to arrive;ya son las cinco, así que deben de estar al caer it's five o'clock, so they should be arriving any minute now;el anuncio debe de estar al caer the announcement should be made any minute now;se proseguirá con la investigación caiga quien caiga the investigation will proceed no matter who might be implicated o even if it means that heads will roll;RP Famcaer parado to fall on one's feet* * *I v/i1 fall;caer sobre fall on;dejar caer algo drop sth;caer enfermo fall ill;caer en lunes fall on a Monday;al caer la noche at sunset o nightfall;caiga quien caiga no matter whose head has to roll;caer muy bajo fig stoop very low;dejarse caer fam flop down2:me cae bien/mal fig I like/don’t like him:cae cerca it’s not far;¿por dónde cae este pueblo? whereabouts is this village?4:estar al caer be about to arrive;¡ahora caigo! fig now I get it!* * *caer {13} vi1) : to fall, to drop2) : to collapse3) : to hang (down)4)me caes bien: I like you5)caer mal or* * *caer vb2. (fecha) to be / to falleste año, mi cumpleaños cae en martes my birthday is on a Tuesday this year3. (entender) to get somethingcaer desmayado to faint / to collapseestar al caer to be almost here / to be about to arrive -
15 दा _dā
1दा I. 1 P. (यच्छति, दत्त] To give, grant. -With प्रति to exchange; तिलेभ्यः प्रतियच्छति माषान् Sk. -II. 2. P. (दाति) To cut; ददाति द्रविणं भूरि दाति दारिद्र्यमर्थिनाम् K. R. -III. 4 P. (दायति) To bind (?). -IV. 3 U. (ददाति, दत्ते; ददौ-ददे, अदात्-अदित, दास्यति-ते, दातुम्, दत्त; but with आ the p. p. is आत्त; with उप, उपात्त; with नि, निदत्त or नीत्त, and with प्र, प्रदत्त or प्रत्त)1 To give, grant, bestow, offer, yield, impart, present (usually with acc. of the thing and dat., sometimes gen. or loc. also, of the person); अवकाशं किलोदन्वान् रामायाभ्यर्थितो ददौ R.4.58; सेचनघटैः बालपादपेभ्यः पयो दातुमित एवाभिवर्तते Ś.1; Ms.3.31;9.271; कथमस्य स्तनं दास्ये Hariv.-2 To pay (as debt, fine &c.).-3 To hand or deliver over.-4 To restore, return.-5 To give up, sacrifice, surrender; प्राणान् दा to sacrifice one's life; so आत्मानं दा to sacrifice oneself.-6 To put, place, apply, plant कर्णे करं ददाति &c.-7 To give in marriage; यस्मै दद्यात् पिता त्वेनाम् Ms.5. 151; Y.2.146;3.24.-8 To allow, permit (usually with inf.); बाष्पस्तु न ददात्येनां द्रष्टुं चित्रगतामपि Ś.6.22. (The meanings of this root may be variously modified or extended according to the noun with which it is connected; मनो दा to think, direct the mind to anything; नीतौ मनो दीयते Mu.2.5; अवकाशं दा to give place to, make room; (see अवकाश); कर्णं दा to give ear to or listen; दर्शनं दा to show oneself to, grant audience to; शब्दं दा to make a noise; तालं दा to clap the hands; आत्मानं खेदाय दा to expose oneself to trouble; आतपे दा to expose to the sun's heat; आज्ञाम्, निदेशं दा to issue orders, command; आशिषं दा to pronounce a blessing; चक्षुः, दृष्टिं दा to cast a glance, see; वाचं दा to address a speech to; प्रतिवचः, -वचनं or प्रत्युत्तरं दा to give reply; शोकं दा to cause grief; श्राद्धं दा to perform a Śrāddha; मार्गं दा to make way for, allow to pass, stand out of the way; वरं दा to grant a boon; संग्रामं दा to fight; अर्गलं दा to bolt, fasten or secure with a latch; निगडं दा to put in chains, fetter; संकेतं दा to make an appointment; शापं दा to curse; वृत्तिं दा to enclose, fence in; अग्निं, पावकं दा to set on fire, &c. &c. - Caus (दापयति-ते) To cause to give, grant, &c. -Desid. (दित्सति-ते) To wish to give, &c.2दा 1 Protection, defence.-2 Cleaning, purifying. -
16 HELDR
adv. compar.1) more, rather;heldr en, rather than, more than (vápn þeirra bitu eigi heldr en vendir);2) at heldr, any the more;also, all the more (at heldr tveimr, at ek mynda gjarna veita yðr öllum);at heldr þótt, even although;3) rather (nú vartu heldr til skjótr, en ek heldr til seinn);var brúðrin döpur heldr, the bride was rather sad;4) after a negative, but, on the contrary.* * *adv. compar.; superl. HELZT; [Goth. haldis; Dan. heller; Swed. hellre, heller: only Scandin., not being found in the Teut. dialects.]A. COMPAR.,I. more, rather:1. with the particle en (an), rather …, than; hann var heldr ljótr an góligr, Eluc. 55; kjós hann heldr til en frá, Bs. i. 480; umbeygilega hljóðs-grein heldr en hvassa, Skálda 182; með margföldu atkvæði heldr en einföldu, Sks. 311; hygg ek at heldr hafi hann helvíti en þessi maðr, Fms. vii. 118; vill hón at honum sé eigi frá vísat … heldr en þeir gefi upp borgina, Fms. i. 157: with a comparative, less than, more than; er þeim sé eigi minni kunnleikr á heldr en nábúum, Grág. ii. 343; bað hann skipa eptir konung-legri miskunn meirr, heldr en eptir hóflausri reiði Amans, Sks. 467.2. hvart-heldr …, eða, either …, or; whether …, or …; hvárt sem þat yrði heldr kú ildi eðr vaðmál, Dipl. iv. 13; en nú vitum vér eigi hvárt heldr er, … eða muntú …, now we know not which is the case, whether … or …, Fms. i. 33: eða being understood, Gunnlaugi kveðsk vel líka hvárt at heldr er, G. said he should be well pleased whatsoever was done, Ísl. ii. 267.3. at heldr, not merely …, but rather, all the more, or after a negative, any more; at heldr tveimr, at ek munda gjarna veita yðr öllum, not merely for two, but I would gladly yield it to you all, Nj. 117; ok þótti ekki hans hefnt at heldr, þótt (the more, though) þetta væri at gört, Ísl. ii. 273; en eigi er at heldr hefnt göfugra frænda várra, Fms. viii. 136, Hm. 95; ok at heldr þótt ( even though) þeir væri frjálsir menn, þá væri þeir þó ( yet) óbóta-menn, Eg. 737.II. intens. very; systur fríða heldr, a very pretty sister, Hom. 115; heldr hljóðr, heldr fámálugr, Fms. xi. 78; var brúðrin döpr heldr, Nj. 11; þaer vóru málgar ok heldr íllorðar, 66; heldr ertú fámennr, Glúm. 377; tala heldr harðfarliga, Eb. 256; konungr var h. úkátr, Eg. 44; mér er heldr kalt, I am very cold, Orkn. (in a verse); þat mun mál manna, at görð sjá sé heldr skökk, Eg. 738; Þorólfr fýsti heldr uppgöngu, Eg. 242; var þá svá komit deginum, at heldr tók út eyktina, that the hour of eykt was just passing, Fb. i. 192.III. but, on the contrary, Germ. aber, vielmehr, esp. after a negative; eru þat ekki engla nöfn? answer, heldr (no, but) kenningar-nöfn, Eluc. 12; eigi mælir hann svá …, heldr ( but), 40:—eigi, … nema enn heldr, but on the contrary, Stj. 409, 412, 428, 442; hann rak eigi erendi bróður síns, heldr bað hann þeirrar konu sér til handa, Fms. vii. 103; at hyggjandi sinni skylit maðr hræsinn vera, heldr gætinn at geði, Hm. 6; ekki er þat, heldr vill faðir þinn, at …, Glúm. 379; láta þeir sér þat eigi einhlítt, heldr hafa þeir tekið …, Ó. H. 32; hæfir þat ekki, … heldr er yðr þat sæmd, at …, Fagrsk. ch. 16; með lítilli gleði, heldr með miklu angri, Barl. 144.β. but, Lat. sed, at; Rútr mun ámæla þér í öngu, heldr mun hann biðja at allir geymi þín sem bezt, Nj. 14; eru þeir eigi einir saman í ráða-görð sinni, heldr hafa þeir með sér marga vitra menn, Sks. 313: very freq. in mod. usage, but, þar er hvorki kafald né vetrar-ríki né steypi-regn, heldr …, Od. ix; öngvar hafa þeir ráðs-samkomur eða lög, heldr búa þeir í víðum hellrum, 112; ekki hafa hjarðmenn þar yfirför, eða akryrkju-menn, heldr er eyin ávalt óbygð af mönnum, 123; ekki bjuggu Lótofagar bana-ráð mönnum mínum, heldr …, 92; hann vildi ekki aptr snúa … heldr vildu þeir eptir verða, 95; hann var hið mesta tröll, og ekki menskum manni líkr, heldr skógþöktum tindi hárra fjalla, 191; grát eigi lengr svo ákafliga, freista heldr ( but try) …, Od. iv. 544.IV. with adverbs; ekki heldr, neither; ekki allnærri, og ekki h. mjög langt undan landi, Od. ix. 117; né heldr, nor either; ekki er þar heldr umgangr af veiði-mönnum, neither is there …, 120; hvorki gróðr-setja þeir nokkra plantan með höndum sínum né heldr ( neither) plægja jörðina, 108: ekki … auk heldr, not to speak of, still less, far less; hann vill ekki ljá mér það, auk heldr gefa, he will not lend it to me, far less give it: hitt-þó-heldr, rather the contrary! proncd. hitt-ó-heldr! ironically, e. g. tarna er fallegt, hittó-heldr, how fine, or rather the contrary! i. e. what a shame! with adverb. datives, öngu heldr, no more; öllu heldr, miklu heldr, much sooner.B. SUPERL.,I. soonest; hefi ek þat helzt í hug mér, Nj. 21; kunnu þeir þat helzt at segja til Ástríðar, at …, Fms. i. 68; þeir þykkjask nú helzt menn, Nj. 66: most, nú er þetta fylskni helzt, 133; sem ek veit sannast ok réttast ok helzt at lögum, Grág. i. 75.2. freq. in mod. usage, soonest, best, most, Germ. am liebsten, am besten; eg vildi það helzt, það væri helzt reynanda.II. with adverbs; einkum helzt, especially; þeir er Guði þjóna einkum helzt, 625. 165; hóti helzt, nökkvi helzt; þeir áttu hóti helzt sér nokkura kosti í fémunum, Ísl. ii. 134; ok þat hefir hann nökkvi helzt, er Búi mælir fyrir honum, Fms. xi. 78; þá hafði nú helzt nökkut munr á fengizt, Edda 32; allra h., above all; allra helzt í lögum, Skálda 162; hvar helzt, wheresoever, Hom.III. helzti or hölzti, with an adjective, very much, very, often with the notion of far too; hölzti varr, Fms. viii. 91; hölzti nær oss! 133; hölzti vaskligir, Al. 37; hann létzk við hölzti mikinn hraustleik, 41; ok kvað Guðrúnu hölzti gott at vefja honum at höfði sér, Ld. 188, cp. Fms. ii. 255; helzti fáráðir, Fær. 37; helzti lengi ( far too long) hefir svá farit, Fms. vi. 393; þér sitið heima ok látið vænliga, ok eruð æ hölzti margir, Ld. 216; Þórólfr kvað þræl þann helzti auðgan, Eb. 154; hölzti miklir úgæfu-menn, Nj. 191; hölzti höfum vér verit auðtrygg, Fas. i. 531; þyki mér nú sú ræða helzti löng orðin, Sks. 352; ok er þér hvárr-tveggi helzti góðr, Fms. i. 75; kvað konung hölzti lengi þar hafa kropit um lyng, Hkr. iii. 376. -
17 दा
dā
Ā. datte Pañcat. I, 4, 19/20 12, 7 Subh. ;
1. sg. dadmi MBh. XII Hariv. R. if. ;
Impv. dádātu pl. - dahu;
2. sg. daddhí RV. I f. IV, VI, VIII, X ;
dehí Pāṇ. 6-4, 119 ;
RV. III f. VIII, X AV. V, XVIII f. etc.
2. pl. dádāta RV. VII, 57, 6,
- tana X, 36, 10, dattá 51, 8 VS. AV. etc.. ;
2. du. - ttám RV. I, 34, 6 AV. etc.. ;
Pot. dadyā́ AV. etc.;
impf. ádadāt;
pl. ádadur RV. VI, X AV. V, 18, 1 ;
2. du. ádattam RV. etc.;
2. pl. - ttanai, 139, 7, ádadāta X, 64, 12 ;
Subj. dádat II, V, VII f. X, - das VII f. ;
- dan AV. VI, 24, 1 ;
p. m. nom. sg. dádat pl. - tas RV. etc.;
p. Ā. dádāna, V, 33, 9 ;
- ná, I. 148, 2; V, 2, 3 ;
sg. dadati, II, 35, 10 MBh. III, 13422 ;
pl. - danti XII f. ;
Impv. - da, IX MārkP. ;
- data Siṇhâs. ;
Pot. - det Parāṡ. VI, 19 ;
impf. ádadat AV. XII, 4, 23 MBh. R. ;
A1. sg. dádate RV. I, 24, 7 AV. X, 8, 36 ;
pl. - dante, 35 VS. VIII, 31 ;
Impv. sg. - datām RV. III, 53, 17 ;
- dasva MBh. Hariv. etc.;
impf. pl. ádadanta RV. VII, 33, II AV. XIV ;
p. dádamāna RV. I, 41, 9; IV, 26, 6 ;
aor. ádāt Pāṇ. 2-4, 77, dat, ádur, dúr etc.;
Subj. 2. du. dāsathas RV. VIII, 40, 1 <cf. Naigh. II, 30 >;
Pot. 1. pl. deshma VS. II, 32 ;
pf. dadaú, - dúr, - dáthur, - datur, - dó RV. etc.;
Pass. - dé, IV, 34 and 37 AV. X, 2, 16 ;
dadade, - dāte, - dire Pāṇ. 6-4, 126 Kāṡ. ;
p. gen. dadúshas RV. I, VIII,
- shām VI ; nom. -dvā́n X, 132, 3 ;
- dāvan AV. V, 11, 1 ;
acc. -divā́ṉsam, IX, 5, 10 <cf. Vop. XXVI, 133 >;
fut. p. dāsyát AV. VI, 71, 3 ;
Ā. - syate, - syante, 1. sg. - sye MBh. Hariv. R. MārkP. ;
Prec. deyāt Pāṇ. 6-4, 67 ;
inf. dāváne RV. ;
dā́tos VII, 4, 6 ;
- tave, VII-IX AV. III, 20, 5 ;
dā́tavaí Pāṇ. VI, 1, 200 Siddh. RV. IV, 21, 9 ;
- tum, V, AV. etc..:
ind. p. dattvā́ya Pāṇ. 7-1, 47 Kāṡ. RV. X, 85, 33 ;
- ttva AV. etc.;
-dā́ya Pāṇ. 6-4, 69 RV. etc..:
Pass. dīyate Pāṇ. 6-4, 62 ;
p. - yámāna AV. IX ;
aor. adāyi Pāṇ. 7-3, 33 Kāṡ. ;
Prec. dāsīshṭa, dāyis- VI, 4, 62) cl. 1. dā́ti RV. iv-VII ;
Impv. - tu, 15, 11 ;
cf. Pāṇ. 6-1, 8 Vārtt. 3 Pat.; II, 4, 76 Kāṡ.)
to give, bestow, grant, yield, impart, present, offer to (dat., in later language alsoᅠ gen. orᅠ loc.) RV. etc.;
to give (a daughter, kanyām) in marriage Mn. V, IX Yājñ. MBh. etc.. ;
to hand over Mn. VIII, 186 and 234 ;
(with haste) Kathās. ;
to give back, 222 f. MBh. III Pañcat. VP. Kathās. LXXIV ;
to pay ( daṇḍam, « a fine» Mn. VIII f. ;
ṛiṇam, « a debt», VIII Yājñ. II, 45);
to give up, cede ( āsanam, « one's seat») Mn. IV, 54 ;
( panthānam orᅠ mārgam, « to give up the road, allow to pass») VIII, 275 and R. V, 94, 8 ;
to sell (with instr. of the price), Nal. XIV, 21 VarBṛS. XLII, 11 ;
to sacrifice ( ātmānam, « one's self» Kathās. XXII, 227 ;
āt- khedāya, « to give one's self up to grief», V, 57);
to offer (an oblation etc.) Mn. Yājñ. R. etc.;
to communicate, teach, utter (blessings, āṡishas Ṡak. MārkP.),
give (answer, prati-vacas, - canam, praty-uttaram Nal. Ṡak. etc.),
speak ( satyaṉvacas, the truth, Yājñ. II, 200 ;
vacam, to address a speech to <dat.> Ṡak. VI, 5);
to permit, allow (with inf.) MBh. I Ṡak. VI, 22 ;
to permit sexual intercourse ṠBr. XIV, 9, 4, 7 ;
to place, put, apply (in med.) Mn. Yājñ. MBh. etc.. ;
to add Pañcat. II, 6, 5 Sūryas. VarBṛS. Laghuj. ;
with varam, « to grant a boon» ṠBr. XI KātyṠr. MBh. etc.. ;
ṡoham, to cause grief, XIII R. II ;
avakāṡam, to give room orᅠ space, allow to enter Yājñ. II, 276 Mṛicch. Ragh. etc.. ;
prāṇān orᅠ jīvitam, to spare any one's life MBh. Kathās. XVIII, 275 ;
talam orᅠ - lān, to slap with the palms of the hands MBh. III, IX Hariv. 15741 ;
- la-prahāram, to strike with the palm Pañcat. IV,. 2, 0/1 ;
tālam, to beat time with the hands MBh. I Bhaṭṭ. ;
saṉjñām, to make a sign Mṛicch. ;
saṉketakam, to make an appointment Pañcat. II, 4, 3/4 ;
samayam, to propose an agreement Kathās. XVIII, 139 ;
upamām, to compare with <gen.> Cāṇ. ;
paṭaham, to proclaim with the drum Kathās. LXXIII, 357 ;
ṡabdam, to make a noise, call out Vet. IV, 2/3 ;
ṡāpam, to utter a curse MBh. R. etc.;
gāīh. id. Bhartṛ. ;
anuyātram, to accompany Kathās. XVIII, 197 ;
āliṅganane, parirambhaṇam, to embrace, 209 Gīt. III, 8 ;
jhampam, to jump Hit. ;
ṡrāddham, to perform a Srāddha MBh. XIV R. II ;
vratakam, to accomplish a vow Hariv. ;
yuddham, niy-, saṉgrāmam, to give battle, fight with MBh. Hariv. R. ;
ājñām ādeṡam, to give an order, command, BrahmaP. Vet. ;
saṉdeṡam, to give information Kathās. XVII, 161 ;
prayogam, to give a dramatic representation Mālav. I, 12/13 ;
vṛitim, to fence in Mn. VIII, 240 Kull. ;
darṡanam, to show one's self Prab. III, ;
0/1 dṛishṭim dṛiṡam akshi caksus, to fix the eyes on (loc.)
Ṡak. I, 6 Kathās. Dhūrtas. Ṡṛiṇgārat. Sāh. ;
karṇam, to give ear, listen Ṡak. Kathās. ;
manas, to direct the mind to (loc.) MBh. XII, 2526 ;
kars kapolam, to rest the cheek on the hand Kāraṇḍ. XVIII, 73 ;
nigaḍāni to put on orᅠ apply fetters Mṛicch. VII, 6/7 pāvakam, to set on fire;
agnīn to consume by fire Mn. V, 168 ;
ṡāram, to move a chess-man Daṡ. VII, 137 ;
argalam, to draw a bolt, bar Kathās. Rājat. VI, 96 ;
jānu, to kneel upon (gen.) MBh. III f. ;
padam, to tread upon <loc.> Bhartṛ. Hit. II, 12, 25 SṠaṃkar. I, 38 ;
to direct the steps Amar. 74 ;
visham, to poison Pañcar. I, 14, 80 (with acc.);
garam id. VP. IV, 3, 16 (with gen.);
Ā. to carry, hold, keep, preserve RV. AV. VS. ;
to show SV. I, 2, 1, 4, 7 (aor. adadishṭa;
aded- fr. diṡ RV.):
Caus. dāpayati ( Pāṇ. VII, 3, 36 aor. adīdapat, 4, 1 and 58 Kāṡ.)
to cause to give orᅠ be given, cause to bestow orᅠ present orᅠ give up, oblige to pay, make restore
VS. IX, 24 AV. III, 20, 8 Mn. etc.. ;
to demand from (abl.) Mn. VIII, 47 ;
to cause to utter orᅠ speak Hariv. 15782 Yājñ. II, 6/7 ;
ghoshaṇām, to cause to be made known Kathās. LXIV, 86 ;
to cause to place orᅠ advance, XII, 160 ;
to cause to perform, V, 112 to cause to be put on (loc.) MBh. I, 5724:
Desid. dítsati ( Pāṇ. 7-4, 54 and 58 p. dídāsat RV. X, 151, 2 ;
dítsat, II, VII-IX AV. V, 7, 6 MBh. ;
Pot. - tseyam RV. VIII MBh. ;
pf. 2. sg. didāsitha AitBr. VIII, 21 ṠāṇkhṠr. XVI, 16 ;
cf. ṠBr. XIII, 7, 1, 15)
to wish to give, be ready to bestow RV. etc.;
to wish to give in marriage MBh. etc.:
Intens. dedīyate Pāṇ. 6-4, 66 Kāṡ. ;
+ cf. δίδωμι;
Lat. do; etc.
dā́2) m. a giver RV. V, 41, 1 (dat. dé); VI, 16, 26 (nom. dā́s);
ifc., giving, granting, seeᅠ an-aṡva-, a-bhiksha-, aṡva-, ātma-, etc. -dā́;
án-āṡīr-
3) For do, to cut q.v.
4) cl. 4. P. dyáti (cf. ā- 4. dā), to bind, only in dīshva VS. XXXVIII, 3 ;
5) For de q.v.
6) f. (de), protection, defence L. ;
7) For dai q.v.
8) f. ( das) cleansing, purifying L.
-
18 стоять
1) ( находиться в вертикальном положении) standстоя́ть на нога́х — stand on one's feet
стоя́ть на коле́нях — kneel
стоя́ть на цы́почках — stand on tiptoe
стоя́ть на четвере́ньках — be on all fours
стоя́ть и разгова́ривать [кури́ть] — stand talking [smoking]
2) ( о предметах - находиться где-л) be; (о высоких предметах тж.) standтаре́лка стои́т в шкафу́ — the plate is in the cupboard ['kʌbəd]
там стоя́л дом — there stood / was a house
дом стои́т на берегу́ реки́ — the house stands [is (situated)] on the bank of the river
сте́ны всё ещё стоя́т — the walls still stand
3) ( пребывать на стоянке) stop; ( о судне) be moored; ( об автомобиле) be parkedпо́езд стои́т де́сять мину́т — the train stops for ten minutes
стоя́ть на я́коре — be at anchor ['æŋkə], lie / ride at anchor
стоя́ть у прича́ла мор. — lie alongside; be docked амер.
где у вас стои́т маши́на? — where is your car parked?
стоя́ть ла́герем — be encamped, be under canvas
4) ( не двигаться) stand stillстоя́ть! — stop!, don't move!; ( команда собаке) stay!
сто́й(те)! (просьба подождать) — wait!; hold it! разг.
стоя́ть в про́бках — be stuck in traffic jams
5) (простаивать, бездействовать - о машине, заводе и т.п.) be at a standstill, be idleчасы́ стоя́т — the watch / clock has come to a standstill
6) ( о непроточной воде) be stagnantстоя́ть на посту́ — be at one's post
стоя́ть на часа́х — stand guard
стоя́ть на стра́же — be on guard
стоя́ть на ва́хте — keep watch, be on watch
стоя́ть у руля́ — be at the helm
стоя́ть в о́череди — 1) ( физически) stand in a queue [kjuː] брит.; stand in a line амер. 2) ( находиться в списке ожидающих) be on the waiting list
8) ( значиться) beстоя́ть на пове́стке дня — be on the agenda
на докуме́нте стои́т штамп — there is a stamp on the document, the document is stamped
про́тив ва́шей фами́лии стои́т га́лочка — your name is ticked off [checked off амер.]
9) (о солнце, погодных условиях) beсо́лнце стои́т высоко́ на не́бе — the sun is high in the sky
стои́т моро́з — there is a frost
10) ( удерживаться в прежнем состоянии) keep, continueтре́тий день стои́т хоро́шая пого́да — the weather keeps fine for a third day now
це́ны стоя́т высо́кие — prices are still high
11) (держаться, не сдаваться) not to yieldстоя́ть на́смерть [до после́днего] — fight to the bitter end; die in the last ditch идиом. разг.
12) (за кого́-л; защищать) stand up (for smb); ( за что-л) stand / be for smthон стои́т за то, что́бы попыта́ться ещё раз — he is for trying once again
стоя́ть горо́й (за вн.) — defend (d) with might and main; stand through thick and thin (by); be solidly (behind)
13) (на пр.; настаивать) stand (on, upon)стоя́ть на своём (мне́нии) — hold / stand one's ground
14) (на пр.; опираться на что-л, руководствоваться чем-л) stand (on), be guided (by)на том стои́м — this is what we stand on
стоя́ть на пози́ции (рд.) — stand (for)
стоя́ть на противополо́жных пози́циях — take opposing views
15) (пе́ред чем-л; сталкиваться, иметь дело с чем-л) face (d), be faced / confronted (with), have to deal (with)он стои́т пе́ред вы́бором — he is faced with the choice
16) (пе́ред кем-л; требовать решения, действий - о задачах, вопросах и т.п.) face (d)пе́ред ним стои́т тру́дный вы́бор — a difficult choice is facing him, he is faced with a difficult choice
зада́чи, стоя́щие пе́ред на́ми — the tasks confronting us
передо мной стои́т вопро́с — I am faced with the question, the question has arisen before me
17) уст. (жить, размещаться где-л) stayстоя́ть на кварти́ре воен. — be billeted
18) вульг. ( о половом члене) be erect; be upу него́ стои́т — he has a hard-on
у него́ не стои́т (на вн.) — he can't get it up (on)
••стоя́ть на пути́ / доро́ге у кого́-л — stand in smb's way
стоя́ть над душо́й — см. душа
стоя́ть ря́дом, стоя́ть в (одно́м) ряду́ (с тв.; равняться по значимости) — rank (with)
его́ и́мя стои́т ря́дом с имена́ми... — his name ranks with those of...
и ря́дом не стоя́ть (с тв.) — not to have the slightest resemblance (to)
стоя́ть у вла́сти — hold power, be in power, be in office
стоя́ть во главе́ (рд.) — be at the head (of), head (d)
про́чно / твёрдо стоя́ть на нога́х — stand firmly on one's own feet
хоть стой, хоть па́дай — ≈ it makes one speechless (with astonishment, etc); you couldn't believe your ears
-
19 cedere
['tʃɛdere]1. vt1)cedere qc (a qn) — to give sth up (to sb), (eredità, diritto) to transfer sth (to sb), make sth over (to sb)cedere il posto a qn — (in autobus) to give sb one's seat
2) (Comm : vendere) to sell"cedo"; "cedesi" — "for sale"
2)cedere a — to give way to, to surrender to, yield to, give in to3) (deformarsi: tessuto, scarpe) to give -
20 ἀγαθός
-ή,-όν + A 39-133-52-223-152=599 Gn 24,10; 45,18.20.23; 50,20well born, gentle Tob 7,6; good (in moral sense, of pers.) 1 Sm 25,15; fair DnTh 1,15; good (of things) Ex 3,8; fine (of metals) Ezr 8,27; τὰ ἀγαθά goods Gn 24,10εἰς ἀγαθά for good Gn 50,20; ἐν πολιᾷ ἀγαθῇ in blessed age JgsA 8,32; ὁ καρπός σου ἔσται ἐν ἀγαθοῖς your fruit or your yield will be good, it will go well with your fruit Jb 22,21; εὐαγγελία ἀγαθή glad tidings 2 Sm 18,27; ἀγαθὸς δρομεύς a swift courier Prv 6,11; ἀγαθὸν ὅτι [+ind.] it is well that 2 Sm 18,3ἀγαθώτερος better JgsB 11,25see ἄριστος, βελτίων and βέλτιστος→NIDNTT; TWNT
- 1
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